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Biology 20/02/2024 > Circulatory system > Flashcards

Circulatory system Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three types of Blood vessel

A

Arteries Capillaries Veins

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2
Q

What do veins do

A

Carry blood to the heart

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3
Q

What do arteries do

A

Carry blood away from the heart

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4
Q

What do capillaries do

A

Interlink the veins and arteries and carry blood to all cells in the body.

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5
Q

Features of an artery

A

Thick muscular walls
Small Lumen
Elastic Fibres

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6
Q

Features of a capillary

A

Walls are one cell thick
Very small lumen
Nucleus
Small and narrow

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7
Q

Features of a vein

A

Thin Muscular Walls
Large Lumen
Elastic Fibres
Valve

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8
Q

What is the direction of Blood flow

A

Arteries
Capillaries
Veins

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9
Q

What does blood contain

A

Plasma
Platelets
White blood cells
Red blood cells
(erythrocytes)

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10
Q

Explain the different white blood cells

A

Lymphocyte produce antibodies and antitoxins which signal to the rest of the immune system and neutral poisons.

Phagocytes engulf and digest invading microorganisms or bacteria

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11
Q

What do Platelets do?

A

Clot

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12
Q

Features of a red blood cell

A

Bioconcave disk shape increases surface area
No nucleus
Haemoglobin which can carry oxygen

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13
Q

Features of a White blood cell

A

irregular shape
Cytoplasm can flow and change shape
Flexible

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14
Q

Features of a platelet

A

Change shape
Protein help them stick to other cells
Produce proteins which cause blood to clot.

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15
Q

Features of plasma

A

90% water
Carries carbon dioxide, sugar, urea and dissolved salts as well as the other cells. and gluecose

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16
Q

Plaque Blockage

What happens during coronary heart disease

A

Coronary arteries become more narrow due to a build up of fat on the walls (plaques).
Coronary atheroma
Blood slows down
Less oxygen and gluecose being delivered to the heart muscles
Less respiration
Pain and even death to some parts of the heart

17
Q

Lifestyle risk factors of coronary heart disease

A

Diet high in sugars and saturated fats
Obesity
Smoking
Stress
Lack of Exercise
Alcohol

18
Q

Medical factors that increase the risk of CHD

A

High blood pressure
Diabetes
High cholesterol
Genetics

19
Q

What does the Circulatory system do?

A

The circulatory system carries oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells, and removes waste products, like carbon dioxide.

Biology 20/02/2024 (3 decks)

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