circulatory system Flashcards
pathway of circulation
right atrium –> right ventricle –> pulmonary artery –> lungs –> left atrium (via the pulmonary vein) –> left ventricle –> aorta –> body –> vena cava –> right atrium
what valve takes blood from the right atrium to the right ventricle
tricuspid valve
what valve takes blood from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery
pulmonary valve
what valve takes blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle
bicuspid valve
what valve takes blood from the left ventricle to the aorta
aortic valve
what artery distributes oxygenated blood from the heart to the body
aorta
what vein brings deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart from lower parts of the body
inferior vena cava
what vein brings deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart from upper parts of the body
superior vena cava
circulatory system
a system of blood vessels with a pump and valves to ensure the one way flow of blood
what type of blood does the right side of the heart carry
deoxygenated
what type of blood does the left side of the heart carry
oxygenated
open circulatory sustem
a system where blood is not contained in vessels so speed, pressure and distribution isn’t controlled
closed circulatory system
a system where blood is contained within the vessels so speed, pressure and distribution are controleed
single circulatory system
blood flows through the heart one, completing a full circuit in the fish’s body
deoxygenated blood travels from the heart to the gills where it’s oxygenated (CO2 is released and O2 is absorbed). oxygenated blood is then taken around the body then back to the heart.
double circulatory system
blood flows through the heart twice for every complete circuit of the body.
systemic circulation
oxygenated blood is taken from the heart to the body (via the aorta). deoxygenated blood is taken from the body to the heart (via the vena cava).
what muscle is the heart made out of
cardiac muscle
why is the left ventricle wall thicker than the right ventricle
so that it can pump blood under high pressure as it’s transporting blood a longer distance than the right ventricle. additionally, the right ventricle has a thinner wall as it pumps to the lungs which could get damaged by high pressure.
atria have thinner walls than ventricles as they travel shorter distances(pushed blood into the ventricles).
function of the pulmonary artery
carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs
functions of pulmonary veins
carries oxygenated blood to the heart
function of the aorta
takes oxygenated blood to the body
function of the vena cava
takes deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart
what do pacemakers do
send electrical signals to cardiac muscle cells which determine how fast he heart contracts.
functions of capillaries
carries blood to body cells and tissues
one cell thick and permeable to allow gas exchange
narrow lumen
no muscular or elastic tissue
arteries
carry blood away from the heart
thick layer of elastic and muscular tissues to prevent them from bursting as blood flows at high pressure
narrow lumen to maintain blood pressure
veins
carries blood towards the heart
valves to prevent backflow of blood
large lumen to keep blood pressure low
adv of double circulatory system
It helps in maintaining higher blood pressure.
It allows a greater flow of blood to the tissues.
It helps in creating more pressure to pump blood around
the whole body tissues and organs.
A separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood is
possible that leads to taking in oxygen-rich blood and
removal of carbon dioxide from the blood through the
lungs.
