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biology [year 10] > circulatory system > Flashcards

circulatory system Flashcards

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1
Q

pathway of circulation

A

right atrium –> right ventricle –> pulmonary artery –> lungs –> left atrium (via the pulmonary vein) –> left ventricle –> aorta –> body –> vena cava –> right atrium

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2
Q

what valve takes blood from the right atrium to the right ventricle

A

tricuspid valve

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3
Q

what valve takes blood from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery

A

pulmonary valve

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4
Q

what valve takes blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle

A

bicuspid valve

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5
Q

what valve takes blood from the left ventricle to the aorta

A

aortic valve

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6
Q

what artery distributes oxygenated blood from the heart to the body

A

aorta

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7
Q

what vein brings deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart from lower parts of the body

A

inferior vena cava

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8
Q

what vein brings deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart from upper parts of the body

A

superior vena cava

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9
Q

circulatory system

A

a system of blood vessels with a pump and valves to ensure the one way flow of blood

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10
Q

what type of blood does the right side of the heart carry

A

deoxygenated

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11
Q

what type of blood does the left side of the heart carry

A

oxygenated

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12
Q

open circulatory sustem

A

a system where blood is not contained in vessels so speed, pressure and distribution isn’t controlled

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13
Q

closed circulatory system

A

a system where blood is contained within the vessels so speed, pressure and distribution are controleed

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14
Q

single circulatory system

A

blood flows through the heart one, completing a full circuit in the fish’s body

deoxygenated blood travels from the heart to the gills where it’s oxygenated (CO2 is released and O2 is absorbed). oxygenated blood is then taken around the body then back to the heart.

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15
Q

double circulatory system

A

blood flows through the heart twice for every complete circuit of the body.

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16
Q

systemic circulation

A

oxygenated blood is taken from the heart to the body (via the aorta). deoxygenated blood is taken from the body to the heart (via the vena cava).

17
Q

what muscle is the heart made out of

A

cardiac muscle

18
Q

why is the left ventricle wall thicker than the right ventricle

A

so that it can pump blood under high pressure as it’s transporting blood a longer distance than the right ventricle. additionally, the right ventricle has a thinner wall as it pumps to the lungs which could get damaged by high pressure.

atria have thinner walls than ventricles as they travel shorter distances(pushed blood into the ventricles).

19
Q

function of the pulmonary artery

A

carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs

20
Q

functions of pulmonary veins

A

carries oxygenated blood to the heart

21
Q

function of the aorta

A

takes oxygenated blood to the body

22
Q

function of the vena cava

A

takes deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart

23
Q

what do pacemakers do

A

send electrical signals to cardiac muscle cells which determine how fast he heart contracts.

24
Q

functions of capillaries

A

carries blood to body cells and tissues
one cell thick and permeable to allow gas exchange
narrow lumen
no muscular or elastic tissue

25
Q

arteries

A

carry blood away from the heart
thick layer of elastic and muscular tissues to prevent them from bursting as blood flows at high pressure
narrow lumen to maintain blood pressure

26
Q

veins

A

carries blood towards the heart
valves to prevent backflow of blood
large lumen to keep blood pressure low

27
Q

adv of double circulatory system

A

It helps in maintaining higher blood pressure.

It allows a greater flow of blood to the tissues.

It helps in creating more pressure to pump blood around
the whole body tissues and organs.

A separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood is
possible that leads to taking in oxygen-rich blood and
removal of carbon dioxide from the blood through the
lungs.

biology [year 10] (7 decks)

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