Circulatory system Flashcards
circulatory system
Circulatory system transports oxygen, nutrients and waste to where they need to be.
parts of the circulatory system
Blood, blood vessels and heart.
functions of blood
The blood clots wounds carry oxygen and nutrients and distribute heat and hormones.
blood vessels
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Functions of blood vessels
Arteries move blood away from the heart, veins move blood back to the heart and capillaries connect the arteries and veins.
Heart
The heart pumps blood around the body
What do the 4 chambers of the heart do
The right atrium and left atrium collect blood from around the body and pump it to the lungs. The right and left ventricle collect blood from the lungs and pump it into the body.
path of the red blood cell
Deoxygenated blood from the body enters the right atrium. Blood from the right atrium passes the right ventricle then into the lungs. Oxygenated blood from the lungs moves to the left atrium. Blood passes to the left ventricle, through the aorta, into the body.
red blood cell
transports oxygen around the body.
haemoglobin
A protein that attaches oxygen to red blood cells
Components of blood
Platelets
- White blood cell
- Red blood cell
- Plasma
Things that go wrong in the circulatory system
Anemia
Coronary heart disease
Diabetes
A hole in the heart
Right atrium and ventricle function
Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
The left atrium and ventricle function
Pumps oxygenated blood around the body
Oxygenated blood
Blood rich in oxygen and comes from the heart
Deoxygenated blood
Blood with low levels of oxygen, high level of carbon dioxide and travels to the heart.
Valves
Valves stop blood from travelling backwards
Difference between arteries and veins
Arteries have thick muscular walls and carry blood away from the heart/carry deoxygenated blood
Veins have thinner muscular walls contain valves and carry blood to the heart/carry oxygenated blood
Why is the left ventricle thicker in muscle compared to the right ventricle
The left ventricle transports blood around the body whilst the right ventricle only transports blood to the lungs which are also closer to the heart.
Vena cava
The vena cava transports deoxygenated blood from around the body to the heart.
pulmonary artery
The pulmonary artery transports deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs to be oxygenated.
Pulmonary vein
The pulmonary vein transports/carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
Structure of arteries, veins and capillaries
Arteries have thick muscular walls
veins have thinner muscular walls
capillaries have the thinnest walls and are one cell thick
How the circulatory system works with the respiratory system
Oxygen is taken respiratory system as capillaries pass the oxygen from the alveoli to the blood. Red blood cell transports the oxygen to the cells
