Circulatory Routes: Veins Flashcards
Inferior Vena Cava
From: Left common iliac vein
Right common iliac vein
To: right atrium
Drains: abdomen, pelvis, lower limbs
Largest vein.
Landmark: anterior to L5
Coronary Sinus
From: Great Cardiac vein, middle cardiac vein, small cardiac vein, anterior cardiac vein.
To: right atrium
Drain: heart
Landmarks:
Superior vena cava
From:
Right Brachiocephalic vein
Left Brachiocephalic vein
To: right atrium
Drain: head, neck, upper limbs, thorax.
Landmark: posterior right 1st costal cartilage
Brachiocephalic veins
Paired
From:
Vertebral veins
Subclavian veins
Internal jugular
To: superior vena cava
Drains: head, neck, upper limbs, thorax
Internal jugular veins
Paired
From: Superior sagittal sinus Inferior sagittal sinus Straight sinus Sigmoid sinus Cavernous sinus
To: Brachiocephalic vein
Drains: Brain, meninges, cranial bones, muscles and tissue of head and neck.
Superior sagittal sinus
Unpaired
From: -
To: internal jugular veins
Drains: nasal cavity, superior/lateral/medial cerebrum, skull, meninges
Inferior sagittal sinus
Unpaired
From: -
To: internal jugular vein
Drains: medial cerebrum, diencephalon.
Straight sinus
Unpaired
From:
To: internal jugular vein
Drains: medial and inferior cerebrum and cerebellum.
Sigmoid sinuses
Paired
From:
To: internal jugular vein
Drains: lateral/posterior cerebrum/cerebellum
Cavernous sinus
Paired
From;
To: internal jugular veins
Drains: orbits,nasal cavity, frontal cerebrum, superior brain stem.
Landmark: located on both sides of the sphenoid bone.
Subclavian veins
Paired
From:
External jugular
Axillary
To:
Brachiocephalic
Drains: skin, muscles, bones of arms, shoulder, neck and superior thoracic wall.
External jugular veins
Paired
From:
To: subclavian veins
Drains: scalp, skin of head and neck, muscles of face and neck, oral cavity and pharynx.
Landmark: parotid gland near angle of mandible
Vertebral veins
Paired
From:
To: Brachiocephalic veins
Drains: c-spine (vertebrae and cord), meninges, deep muscles of neck
Landmark: inferior to occipital condyle
Deep veins of the upper limb
Brachiocephalic Subclavian Axillary Brachial Ulnar Radial
Superficial veins of the upper arm
Cephalic
Basilica
Median antenbrachial
Axillary veins
Paired
From:
brachial
Basilica
Cephalic
To: subclavian
Drain: arm, axilla, shoulder, superolateral chest wall
Brachial veins
Paired
Deep vein
From: radial and ulnar veins
To: axillary veins
Drain: elbow and brachial region
Ulnar veins
Paired
Deep
From:
Superficial palmar venous arch
Common palmar digital veins
Proper palmar digital veins
To: brachial veins
Drains: medial forearm and hand
Radial veins
Paired
Deep
From:
Deep palmar venous arches
Palmar metacarpal veins
To: brachial veins
Drain: lateral hand and forearms
Cephalic veins
Paired
Superficial
From:
Dorsal venous arches
Dorsal digital veins
Accessory Cephalic veins
To: axillary veins
Drains: integumens and superficial muscles of lateral forearm
Basilica veins
Paired.
Superificial
From:
To: Cephalic veins via median cubital veins
Drains: integument and superficial muscles of Palm and anterior arm.
Median antebrachial veins
Paired
Superficial
From: palmar plexus, palmar digital veins
To: basilica veins, medial cubital veins
Drains: integument and superficial muscles of palm and anterior arm
Azygos system
A collection of veins that collect blood from thoracic and abdominal region.
Forms an anastomoses from the lower body and abdominal regions to the SVC in case of obstruction to IVC.
Made up of: azygos vein, accessory hemi-azygos, hemi-azygos.
Azygos veins
Thoracic
Unpaired
From: right posterior intercostal Hemiazygos Accessory hemiazygos Esophageal Mediastinal Pericardial Bronchial
To: superior vena cava
Drains: right side thoracic wall, thoracic viscera, posterior abdominal wall
Hemiazygos
Unpaired
From: Left posterior intercostals Esophageal veins Mediastinal veins Accessory Hemiazygos
To: azygos vein
Drains: Left lower thoracic wall, thoracic viscera, left posterior abdominal walls
Accessory Hemiazygos vein
Unpaired
From:
Left posterior intercostals
Left bronchials
Mediastinals
Inferior Phrenic veins
Paired
From:
To: inferior vena cava
Suprarenal
Drains: inferior diaphragm, peritoneal tissues
Hepatic veins
From: hepatic portal vein via capillary beds of the liver
To: inferior vena cava
Drains: liver
Hepatic portal vein
From Left gastric Right gastric Splenic Superior mesenteric (Formed from superior mesenteric plus splenic)
To: hepatic veins via the capillary beds of the liver
Left gastric vein
From:
To: hepatic portal vein
Drains: terminal esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, small and large intestine
Right gastric vein
From
To: hepatic portal vein
Drains: lesser curvature of the stomach, abdominal esophagus, stomach, duodenum
Splenic vein
From
To: hepatic port vein
Drains: spleen, fundus, greater curvature of the stomach, pancreas, greater omentum, descending Colin, sigmoid colon, rectum.
Superior mesenteric vein
From
To: hepatic portal
Drains: duodenum, jejunum, ilium, cecum, ascending and transverse colon.
Lumbar veins
From:
To: ascending lumbar
Azygos
Hemiazygos
Drains: posterior abdominal wall, L-spine (vertebrae, cord, meninges, nerve)
Suprarenal veins
From:
To: IVC
Drains: adrenal glands
Renal veins
From: left gonad, left inferior Phrenic, left Suprarenal veins
To: IVC
Drains: kidneys
Gonadal
From:
To: IVC, left renal vein
Drains: testes, epididymis, ductus deferens, ovaries, uterus
Common iliac veins
From: external and internal iliac veins
To: IVC
Drains: pelvis, external genitalia, legs
Internal iliac veins
From
To: common iliac vein
Drains: muscles of pelvic wall, glutes, pelvic viscera, external genitalia
External iliac vein
From: right femoral
