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Health > Circulatory And Respiratory System > Flashcards

Circulatory And Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the circulatory system?

A

The functions of the circulatory system is to deliver nutrients and to remove waste products from the body’s cells.

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2
Q

What are the two main things delivered by the circulatory system?

A

Nutrients to the body

Removal of waste

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3
Q

Why are these functions so important? (Previous answer was Nutrients to the body,
Removal of waste)

A

Because all other systems depend on the nutrients to function and the waste removal to stay healthy and get rid of toxins

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4
Q

What is the main waste involved in the circulatory system?

A

Carbon dioxide

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5
Q

What are the three components of the circulatory system?

A

The heart, blood vessels and blood

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6
Q

In basic terms, what is the heart?

A

The heart is a muscular pump designed to pump blood throughout the circulatory system.

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7
Q

What is the difference between Atria and Ventricles?

A

Atria are the upper chambers that receive blood and ventricles are the lower chamber that pump blood.

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8
Q

What role does the Septum play?

A

The septum divides the heart into two pumps

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9
Q

Which side of the heart transports oxygenated blood?

A

The left

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10
Q

Which side of the heart transports de-oxygenated blood?

A

The right

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11
Q

What are the roles of the valves in the heart?

A

The valves allow blood to travel in only one direction.

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12
Q

Where are the valves located in the heart?

A

Between the atria and the ventricles and at the entrance to the arteries from the heart.

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13
Q

What is an average heart resting rate?

A

60-80 beats per minute

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14
Q

What are five points about the structure and function of the arteries?

A

Arteries cause blood to flow away from the heart, they carry oxygen rich blood, aorta is the largest artery in the body, arteries have a thick elastic muscular wall, the left ventricles pumps blood to the arteries.

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15
Q

What do coronary arteries do?

A

Coronary arteries supply blood to the heart muscle.

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16
Q

Why are coronary arteries so important?

A

Because the heart muscle needs oxygen-rich blood to function. Also, oxygen-depleted blood must be carried away

17
Q

What are five points about the structure and function of capillaries?

A

Capillaries are the smallest of the body’s blood vessels. They are only one cell thick, and they are the sites of the transfer of oxygen and other nutrients from the bloodstream to other tissues in the body; they also collect carbon dioxide waste materials and fluids for return to the veins.

18
Q

What are five points about the structure and function of veins?

A

Veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Structure of a vein consists of three main layers. The outer layer is connective tissue, called tunica adventitia or tunica externa; a middle layer of smooth muscle called the tunica media, and the inner layer lined with endothelial cells called the tunica intima.

19
Q

How do the muscles of the body help return blood to the heart?

A

The veins contact forcing the blood back up to the heart.

20
Q

What are the three components of blood?

A

Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.

21
Q

What do red blood cells do?

A

They carry oxygen and carbon dioxide around the body.

22
Q

What do white blood cells do?

A

They fight of disease and any foreign matter in the body

23
Q

What do platelets do?

A

They cause blood to clot when a blood vessel in damaged

24
Q

What is plasma?

A

A clear yellowish liquid in which the blood cells are suspended. 90% water

25
Q

What is haemoglobin

A

The substance in red blood cells that oxygen attaches to. This allows oxygen to be carried around the body.

26
Q

What is the difference between the systematic and pulmonary circuits?

A

Systematic is when blood is pumped from the heart to the arteries to the body and back to the heart. Pulmonary circulation is when blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs and back again.

27
Q

What is the path of the blood through the major structures of the heart?

A

Right artium ➡️ Right ventricle ➡️ Lungs ➡️ Left atrium ➡️ Left ventricle ➡️ Aorta ➡️ Rest of the body ➡️ Back to the right atrium.

28
Q

How can the circulatory system regulate body temperature?

A

As blood flows past
cells heat will move from the blood to the cells -or- the other way from the cells to the blood.
This exchange of heat keeps all the body parts at the same temperature

29
Q

What is the difference between Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure?

A

Systolic blood pressure is a measure of how much pressure is developed when the heart pumps oxygen rich blood into the aorta and out. Diastolic blood pressure is a measure of the pressure of the blood in the arteries as the heart relaxes and fills.

30
Q

Define heart rate

A

The number of heartbeats per unit of time, usually per minute. The heart rate is based on the number of contractions of the ventricles (the lower chambers of the heart)

31
Q

Define stroke volume

A

The volume of blood pumped from the left ventricle of the heart in one beat

32
Q

Define cardiac output

A

The volume of blood pumped around the body in one minute. Volume X heart rate

33
Q

How much blood can be pumped per minute?

A

per beat, the average adult cardiac output (amount of blood pumped out by each ventricle in 1 minute) is 5 liters

34
Q

What are alveoli surrounded by?

A

Alveoli are surrounded by tiny blood vessels called capillaries

35
Q

what is the average amount of times a person breathes during respiration?

A

12-18 times per minute

36
Q

How does air get through our lungs to the body?

A

Air travels through the bronchial tubes and ends up in the alveoli where oxygen is extracted

37
Q

Which side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood and which side receives oxygenated blood?

A

The right side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood. And left side receives oxygenated blood

38
Q

What are the two top sections of the heart?

A

Left and right atriums

39
Q

What are the two bottom sections of the heart?

A

Left and right ventricles

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