CIRCULATORY

Question 1

Gastrovascular cavities

Answer 1

ensure diffusional distances are short

Question 2

circulatory system needs

Answer 2

circulatory fluid
vessels it can flow through
pump to provide pressure to move fluid

Question 3

3 vessels in a closed circulatory system

Answer 3

arteries
veins
capillaries

Question 4

arteries

Answer 4

carry blood away from heart

Question 5

veins

Answer 5

carry blood to the heart

Question 6

cappilaries

Answer 6

very small vessels where chemical/gases are exchanged within organs

Question 7

stenosis

Answer 7

when valve fails to open fully due to calcium deposits or scaring
less blood is able to pass through the valve

Question 8

regurgitation

Answer 8

when a valve fails to close tightly, blood leaks back the wrong way.
heart must work harder

Question 9

diastole

Answer 9

period when specific chambers of the heart relax after a contraction

Question 10

systole

Answer 10

period of active contraction

Question 11

sinoatrial (SA) node

Answer 11

has faster rhythm (~70bpm) set heart rhythm

Question 12

atrioventricular (AV) node

Answer 12

has slower rhythm (~45bpm)

Question 13

ECG

Answer 13

electrocardiogram
P wave
QRS complex
T wave

Question 14

P wave

Answer 14

depolarization of atria

atria contracting

Question 15

QRS complex

Answer 15

depolarization of ventricles

Question 16

T wave

Answer 16

repolarization of ventricles

Question 17

bood pressure

Answer 17

heart rate x stroke volume

total peripheral resistance

Question 18

smooth muscle

Answer 18

helps to regulate artery diameter

Question 19

skeletal muscle pump

Answer 19

contraction of skeletal muscle forces blood back toward the heart
aided by one way valves

Question 20

respiratory pump

Answer 20

when we inhale, pressure changes in thoracic cavity favor blood flow to heart

Question 21

materials cross the capillaries through

Answer 21

diffusion
coupled endocytosis/exocytosis
diffusion through intercellular junctions
specific transport proteins

Question 22

Kwashiorkor

Answer 22

if blood pressure is greater than osmotic pressure across the entire capillary bed, all fluid flow goes from blood to tissues

Question 23

atherosclerosis

Answer 23

hardening of the arteries
interferes with circulation
may lead to a blood clot or rupture

Question 24

hypertension

Answer 24

high blood pressure

prolonged hypertension promotes atherosclerosis

Question 25

pulmonary veins

Answer 25

blood flows to the left atrium

Question 26

metarteriole

Answer 26

thorough fare channel