CIRCULATORY Flashcards
Gastrovascular cavities
ensure diffusional distances are short
circulatory system needs
circulatory fluid
vessels it can flow through
pump to provide pressure to move fluid
3 vessels in a closed circulatory system
arteries
veins
capillaries
arteries
carry blood away from heart
veins
carry blood to the heart
cappilaries
very small vessels where chemical/gases are exchanged within organs
stenosis
when valve fails to open fully due to calcium deposits or scaring
less blood is able to pass through the valve
regurgitation
when a valve fails to close tightly, blood leaks back the wrong way.
heart must work harder
diastole
period when specific chambers of the heart relax after a contraction
systole
period of active contraction
sinoatrial (SA) node
has faster rhythm (~70bpm) set heart rhythm
atrioventricular (AV) node
has slower rhythm (~45bpm)
ECG
electrocardiogram
P wave
QRS complex
T wave
P wave
depolarization of atria
atria contracting
QRS complex
depolarization of ventricles
T wave
repolarization of ventricles
bood pressure
heart rate x stroke volume
total peripheral resistance
smooth muscle
helps to regulate artery diameter
skeletal muscle pump
contraction of skeletal muscle forces blood back toward the heart
aided by one way valves
respiratory pump
when we inhale, pressure changes in thoracic cavity favor blood flow to heart
materials cross the capillaries through
diffusion
coupled endocytosis/exocytosis
diffusion through intercellular junctions
specific transport proteins
Kwashiorkor
if blood pressure is greater than osmotic pressure across the entire capillary bed, all fluid flow goes from blood to tissues
atherosclerosis
hardening of the arteries
interferes with circulation
may lead to a blood clot or rupture
hypertension
high blood pressure
prolonged hypertension promotes atherosclerosis
pulmonary veins
blood flows to the left atrium
metarteriole
thorough fare channel
