Circulation of Blood

Question 1

stroke volume

Answer 1

amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in a contraction

Question 2

heart rate

Answer 2

number of contractions per minute

Question 3

cardiac output

Answer 3

amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in one minute,

Question 4

end diastolic volume

Answer 4

amount of blood in a ventricle at the start of ventricular contraction

Question 5

end systolic volume

Answer 5

amount of blood in a ventricle at the end of ventricular contraction

Question 6

ejection fraction

Answer 6

portion/percentage of blood ejected from the heart with each contraction

Question 7

cardiac reserve

Answer 7

difference between maximum and resting CO; residual capacity of the heart to pump blood

Question 8

preload

Answer 8

stretch on the ventricles prior to contraction, proportional to EDV

Question 9

contractility

Answer 9

force or strength of the contraction, proportional to SV and inversely proportional to ESV

Question 10

afterload

Answer 10

force generated by the ventricles to pump blood against resistance in blood vessels, proportional to blood pressure in the blood vessels

Question 11

baroreceptors

Answer 11

stretch receptors which monitor volume of blood in blood vessels

Question 12

chemoreceptors

Answer 12

monitor conceptration of CO2, H+, O2, lactic acid

Question 13

proprioceptors

Answer 13

monitor rates of firing of proprioceptors to determine level of physical activity

Question 14

limbic system

Answer 14

monitor emotional state, especially stress, anxiety, excitement

Question 15

cardioaccelerator regions

Answer 15

stimulate heart rate; sympathetic stimulation via sympathetic ganglia

Question 16

cardioinhibitory centers

Answer 16

decrease heart rate; parasympathetic stimulation