Cardio - Heart

Question 1

Endocardium

Answer 1

simple, squamous epithelium; protects myocardium from direct contact with blood

Question 2

myocardium

Answer 2

thick, contractile middle layer; compresses heart cavities and blood with great force

Question 3

Pericardium

Answer 3

provides protection against friction

Question 4

Fibrous pericardium

Answer 4

tough, lose-fitting, inextensible sac (like a loose-fitting jacket)

Question 5

serous pericardium

Answer 5

split into epicardial and parietal layers

Question 6

Epicardial layer

Answer 6

inner layer, fused to heart

Question 7

parietal layer of serous pericardium

Answer 7

outer layer, fused with fibrous pericardium

Question 8

pericardial space

Answer 8

located between viseral and parietal layers of serous pericardium.

Question 9

Left and Right Atria

Answer 9

the upper receiving chamber which passively receives venous blood on a continuous basis to push blood into the lower chamber

Question 10

Left and Right Ventricles

Answer 10

lower pumping chambers which pump blood to lungs or to the rest of the body

Question 11

Septa of the heart

Answer 11

myocardium separating the chambers of the herat

Question 12

auricle

Answer 12

superficial leaf-life extension of atria near superior surface: thin-walled structures that can fill with blood and empty into the atria

Question 13

Sulcus

Answer 13

series of fat-filled grooves along the superior surfaces of heart containing major coronary blood vessels

Question 14

Pulmonary circut

Answer 14

transports blood to and from lungs; o2 enters blood and co2 leaves blood

Question 15

systemic circuit

Answer 15

transports blood to and from body tissues; co2 enters blood and o2 leaves blood

Question 16

pulmonary trunk and arteries

Answer 16

carries deoxygenated blood from RV towards lungs

Question 17

pulmonary veins

Answer 17

carries oxygenated blood from lungs towards LA

Question 18

Aorta

Answer 18

carries oxygenated blood from LV towards body cells

Question 19

Vena cava

Answer 19

carries deoxygenated blood from body cells towards RA

Question 20

Interatrial septum

Answer 20

located between the two atria; contains oval-shaped depression which is a remnant of opening in fetal heart

Question 21

interventricular septum

Answer 21

located between the two ventricles; thicker than interatrial septum

Question 22

atrioventricular septum

Answer 22

located between the atria and ventricles; contains four openings with one-way valves that allow blood to move

Question 23

Aortic valve and pulmonary valve

Answer 23

semilunar valves; between ventricles and great vessels; half-moon shaped flaps formed from lining of the great vessels

Question 24

Tricuspid valve and bicuspid valve

Answer 24

atrioventricular valve; between atria and ventricles; composed of flaps of the endocardium

Question 25

trabeculae carneae

Answer 25

beamlike projections of myocardial muscle tissue; adds force to inward contraction of ventricular myocardium, to maximize volume of blood leaving the ventricles

Question 26

chordae tendinae

Answer 26

tendinous cord containing collagenous fibers; anchors papillary muscles to flaps of AV valves

Question 27

papillary muscle

Answer 27

muscles attached to edges of cusps of AV valves via the chordae tendineae;

Question 28

moderator band

Answer 28

band of cardiac muscle; reinforces thin walls of right ventricle and plays a crucial role in cardiac conduction

Question 29

myocardial contractile cells, cardiomyocytes

Answer 29

responsible for contractions that pump blood through the body

Question 30

myocardial conducting cells

Answer 30

forms conduction system of heart; initiate and propagate action potential that travels throughout the heart and triggers contractions

Question 31

structure of cardiac muscle

Answer 31

smaller in diameter and shorter than skeletal muscles ; striated

Question 32

cardiac cycle

Answer 32

period of time that begins atrial contraction and ends with ventricular relaxation

Question 33

diastole

Answer 33

period of relaxation which allows chambers to fill with blood

Question 34

systole

Answer 34

period of contraction which pumps blood into circulation