Circular motion and simple harmonic motion

Question 1

What is the equation for angular speed in a given angle?

Answer 1

ω = θ/t where ω is angular momentum, θ is the angle turned per unit time, t.

Question 2

In SHM, what is the displacement?

Answer 2

The distance from the midpoint.

Question 3

In SHM, what is the restoring force?

Answer 3

The force pulling or pushing the object back towards the midpoint.

Question 4

In SHM, how is the displacement and restoring force linked?

Answer 4

They are directly proportional.

Question 5

In SHM, other than the restoring force, what is displacement directly proportional to?

Answer 5

Acceleration towards the midpoint.

Question 6

Where does an object in SHM have zero potential energy and maximum kinetic energy?

Answer 6

At the midpoint.

Question 7

Where does an object in SHM have zero kinetic energy and maximum potential energy?

Answer 7

At maximum displacement.

Question 8

In SHM, what is mechanical energy and how does it change?

Answer 8

The sum of the kinetic and potential energy of the object. This remains constant.

Question 9

What does ω mean in circular motion?

Answer 9

Angular speed

Question 10

What does ω mean in SHM?

Answer 10

Angular frequency

Question 11

What does x mean in SHM equations?

Answer 11

Displacement

Question 12

In the SHM equations, what does A mean?

Answer 12

Maximum displacement.

Question 13

In the SHM equations, what does a mean?

Answer 13

Acceleration

Question 14

What condition is necessary for and object to be moving with SHM?

Answer 14

Acceleration must be directly proportional to displacement from the midpoint and directed towards the midpoint. a ∝ -x

Question 15

What is the equation for force on a spring?

Answer 15

F = -kx where F is force, k is the spring constant (stiffness) and x is the displacement.

Question 16

What is resonant frequency?

Answer 16

The natural frequency at which a system in SHM will vibrate.

Question 17

When does resonance occur?

Answer 17

When the driving frequency is equal to the resonant frequency of an object in SHM.

Question 18

What happens when a system in SHM begins to resonate?

Answer 18

It will vibrate with rapidly increasing amplitude.

Question 19

In SHM, what is damping?

Answer 19

When energy is lost to the surroundings so the amplitude of vibration decreases.

Question 20

What is free vibration?

Answer 20

When there is no transfer of energy to the surroundings; there is no external force causing the motion.

Question 21

What is forced vibration?

Answer 21

When there is an external driving force acting on the system.

Question 22

What is critical damping?

Answer 22

When an oscillating system is returned to equilibrium as quickly as possible.

Question 23

In circular motion, in which direction does the acceleration act?

Answer 23

Towards the centre of the circle.