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Circuits > CIRCUITS 2 > Flashcards

CIRCUITS 2 Flashcards

1
Q

current and voltages are represented by magnitude and direction.

A

AC Circuit

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2
Q

sinusoidal voltage and current are selected because:

A
  • low iron and copper losses
  • less interference
  • less disturbance
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3
Q

voltage that changes its polarity and magnitude at regular interval of time.

A

alternating voltage

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4
Q

direction of the current is changed and the magnitude of current changes with time.

A

alternating current

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5
Q

The maximum positive or negative value attained by an alternating quantity in one complete cycle

A

Amplitude

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6
Q

One half cycle (180 degrees electrical)

A

Alternation

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7
Q

one set of positive and negative values completes by an alternating quantity or it goes through 360 degrees

A

Cycle

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8
Q

value of voltage or current at any instant of time, denoted by (i or e)

A

Instantaneous Value

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9
Q

number of cycles made per second by an alternating quantity. It is measured in cycle per second (c/s) or hertz (Hz) and is denoted by (f)

A

Frequency

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10
Q

time taken in seconds by a voltage or a current to complete one cycle

A

Time Period

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11
Q

shape obtained by plotting the instantaneous values of an alternating quantity such as voltage and current along the y axis and the time (t) or angle (𝜃 = 𝜔𝑡) along the x axis

A

Wave Form

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12
Q

Types of Periodic Waveform:

A

1) Sine Wave
2) Triangular Wave
3) Complex Wave
4) Square Wave

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13
Q

RMS

A

Root Mean Squared

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14
Q

ratio between the average value and the RMS value

A

Form Factor

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15
Q

ratio between the R.M.S. value and the Peak value

A

Crest Factor

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16
Q

time-varying periodic waveforms with parameters including voltage and frequency

A

Sinusoidal Alternating Waveforms

17
Q

periodic waveforms whose shape can be plotted using the sine or cosine function from trigonometry

A

Sinusoidal waveforms

18
Q

it is this basic principal that electrical machines and generators use to generate a Sinusoidal Waveform for our mains supply.

A

Electromagnetic Induction

19
Q

to convert a mechanical energy such as rotation, into
electrical energy, a Sinusoidal Waveform

A

Faraday’s electromagnetic induction

20
Q

The amount of EMF induced into a coil cutting the magnetic lines of force is determined by the following 3 factors:

A

1) Speed
2) Strength
3) Length

21
Q

the speed at which the coil rotates inside the magnetic field.

A

Speed

22
Q

the length of the coil or conductor passing through the magnetic field.

A

Length

23
Q

the strength of the magnetic field.

A

Strength

24
Q

the velocity at which the generator rotates around its central axis determines the frequency of the sinusoidal waveform and which can also be called

A

angular velocity, ω

25
Q

used to describe the difference in degrees or radians when two or more alternating quantities reach their maximum or zero values

A

Phase Difference

26
Q

is the exact opposite to the series circuit

A

Parallel RLC Circuit

27
Q

“the total current entering a junction or node is exactly equal to the current leaving that node”.

A

Kirchhoff’s Current Law,

28
Q

are added together in parallel branches, whereas
impedances are added together in series branches.

A

Admittances

29
Q

reciprocal of impedance

A

Admittance (Y)

30
Q

reciprocal of resistance

A

Conductance (G)

31
Q

reciprocal of reactance

A

Susceptance (B)

32
Q

In AC circuits, it is defined as the ease at which a circuit composed of resistances and reactances allows current to flow when a voltage is applied taking into account the phase difference between the voltage and the current.

A

Admittance (Y)

33
Q

is defined as the ease at which a resistor (or a set of resistors) allows current to flow when a voltage, either AC or DC is applied.

A

Conductance (G)

34
Q

In AC circuits, it is defined as the ease at which a reactance (or a set of reactances) allows an alternating current to flow when a voltage of a given frequency is applied.

A

Susceptance (B)

35
Q

has a horizontal conductance axis, G and a vertical susceptance axis, jB

A

admittance triangle

36
Q

to calculate the magnitudes of all three sides as well as the phase angle

A

Pythagoras

Circuits (4 decks)

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