Church History C

Question 1

Council of Nicea

Answer 1

[325]
1. First ecumenical council
2. Condemned Arianism
3. Yielded Nicene Creed (The Son is of one substance with the Father.)

Question 2

Council of Chalcedon

Answer 2

[451]
1. Fourth ecumenical council
2. Condemned Nestorianism and Eutychianism
3. Yielded the Chalcedonian Definition (Jesus is fully human and fully divine.)

Question 3

Reformation

Answer 3

[1517]
1. Movement to reform the Catholic Church
2. Condemned papal authority, purgatory, and indulgences.
3. Yielded the Five Solas

Question 4

Counter-Reformation

Answer 4

[1545–1563]
1. Catholic response to the Reformation
2. Corrected Catholic abuses (e.g. indulgences)
3. Affirmed Catholic doctrines (e.g. papal authority, veneration of saints)

Question 5

Heidelberg Catechism

Answer 5

[1563]
1. Reformed catechism authored by Zacharias Ursinus
2. One of the Three Forms of Unity for continental Calvinists

Question 6

Belgic Confession

Answer 6

[1561]
1. Reformed confession authored by Guido de Bres
2. One of the Three Forms of Unity for continental Calvinists

Question 7

Synod of Dordt

Answer 7

[1618–1619]
1. Dutch Reformed synod
2. Answered the Five Points of Arminianism
3. Yielded the Canons of Dordt (one of the Three Forms of Unity for continental Calvinists)

Question 8

Westminster Assembly

Answer 8

[1643–1653]
1. Gathering of theologians and members of the English Parliament
2. Tasked with restructuring the Church of England
3. Yielded the Westminster Confession of Faith and Larger and Shorter Catechisms

Question 9

Pietism

Answer 9

[17th c.]
1. Movement against dead orthodoxy in the Lutheran church
2. Originated with Philipp Spener
3. Emphasized individual experience (over theology), new birth, spiritual discipline, and love for all people

Question 10

Great Awakening(s)

Answer 10

First Great Awakening
[1741–1745]
1. Revival movement in the New England colonies
2. Led by Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield
3. Emphasized internal religious experience, personal conviction of sin, and the need for God’s forgiveness

Second Great Awakening
[1800–1825]
1. Revival movement centered in Tenessee, western New York, and Kentucky
2. Emphasized universal salvation and free will through camp meetings, emotional preaching, and circuit riding
3. Yielded social reforms (e.g. temperance, feminism, and abolition) and increased church membership (especially Methodist and Baptist)

Question 11

Old School/New School

Answer 11

[1837–1869]
1. Presbyterian schism over the Second Great Awakening
2. Old School: anti-revival, pro-doctrine (human sinfulness, divine sovereignty, justification), pro-spiritual mission of the church
3. New School: pro-revival (concern for society), pro-voluntary associations, pro-human capacity

Question 12

Auburn Affirmation

Answer 12

[1923]
1. Document produced by the Presbytery of New York to safeguard unity and liberty among Presbyterians
2. Described the innerancy of Scripture, the virgin birth, vicarious atonement, Jesus’ resurrection, and Jesus’ miracles as theories
3. Signed by 1300 Presbyterian ministers