Chronic Leukemia Flashcards
What is chronic leukemia? General characteristics. What is the most common chronic leukemia?
Neoplastic proliferation of mature circulating lymphocytes; High WBC count; Insidious onset generally seen in older adults. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What is CLL? What are the markers associated? Where would one expect these markers to be? Characteristic histologic findings. Syx. Complications.
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia characterized by proliferation of naive B cells that co-express CD5 and 20. These markers are aberrantly expressed on B cells. Expected to be seen on T cells. Increased lymphocytes and smudge cells; Generalized lymphadenopathy due to lymph node involvement; Hypogammaglobulinemia (neoplastic cells don’t produce Ig and therefore infection most common form of death), Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (Bad Igs against RBCs), Richter transformation (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma)
What is Hairy Cell Leukemia? Marker associated? Clinical features? Tx?
Neoplastic proliferation of mature B cells with hairy cytoplastmic processes; Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP); Splenomegaly (accum. of hairy cells in red pulp), Dry BM tap (due to fibrosis); 2-CDA (cladribine) (adenosine deam. inhib causes adenosine to accum in B cells to toxic levels)
What is Adult T cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL); Where is it commonly seen? Clincal features?
Neoplastic Proliferation of CD4+ T cells, associated with Human T cell leukemia virus; Japan, Caribbean; Rash, Generalized Lymphadenopathy, Hepatosplenomegaly, Lytic (Punched-out) bone lesions and hypercalcemia;
What is Mycosis Fungoides? Clinical features. Associated syndrome
Neoplastic prolif. of mature CD4+ T cells; Skin infiltration producing rash, plaques and nodules, neoplastic cell aggregates in skin called Pautrier microabscesses. Sezary syndrome - Lymphocytes with cerebriform nuceli on blood smear
