Chronic Kidney Disease Flashcards
1
Q
3 main features of CKD
A
- serious
- common
- easy to understand and treat
2
Q
Define CKD
A
- LT reduction in kidney function
- GFR<60
- more than 3 months
3
Q
Causes
A
East London specific as 100s
- diabetes
- glomerulonephritis
- hypertension
- polycystic kidney disease
- pyelonephritis
4
Q
How to measure GFR?
A
- day to day eGFR equation
- 24 hour creatinine clearance
- isotopic methods
5
Q
5 stages of CKD
A
1) eGFR>90, any kidney problem
2) 60-90 eGFR, any problem
3) 30-60
4) 15-30
5) <15
6
Q
Role of kidneys
A
- remove fluid and sodium
- control serum pH
- control serum potassium
- regulate bp
- reg Hb via EPO production
- contro bone and mineral metabolism, via excretion fo Ca/PO and through vitamin D
7
Q
How are kidney roles affected in CKD?
A
- fluid overload and oedema
- metabolic acidosis
- hyperkalaemia
- hypertension
- anaemia
- hyperphosphataemia, hypocalcemia, hyperparathyrodisim
8
Q
Main protocol of making CKD better
A
- treat complications
- stop things getting worse
- main priority is bp as rises in CKD and makes it get worse faster
9
Q
What is the second priority in treating CKD
A
- reduce proteinuria if present
- lowering bp helps
- ACEi help reduce as well as ARBs
- at biggest dose use these 2 drugs
- do not use both as more risk
10
Q
Supportive CKD treatment
A
- consider anaemia treatment with EPO
- diuretics and salt restriction for fluid overload
- vitamin D/phosphate binder
- bicarb
- dietary manipulation
11
Q
Renal diet
A
- kidneys struggled to remove sodium, potassium and phosphate if low GFR
- SO put less in
