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Principles of disease AM > Chronic inflammation > Flashcards

Chronic inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

What is chronic inflammation?

A

Inflammation in which the cell population is particularly lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages

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2
Q

What does chronic inflammation cause?

A

Healing and repair due to formation of granulation tissue, scarring and fibrosis

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3
Q

What are the clinical presentations of chronic inflammation?

A

Ofte no ‘sore bit’
Malaise and weight loss
Loss of function

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4
Q

When do we see chronic inflammation?

A

Arising from acute inflammation when it fails to resolve

As a primary lesion

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5
Q

What is the process of granulation?

A

Capillaries grow into inflammatory mass
Fibroblasts lay down collagen to repair damaged tissue
Collagen replaces inflammatory exudate
Dead or necrotic tissue replaced

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6
Q

What are the products of granulation tissue?

A

Fibrous tissue

Fibrosis

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7
Q

What is a type of primary chronic inflammation?

A

Autoimmune disease

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8
Q

What is the cause of autoimmune disease?

A

Autoantibodies directed against own cell and tissue components

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9
Q

What cells are responsible in chronic inflammation?

A

Lymphocyte
Natural killer cells
Macrophage
Fibroblasts

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10
Q

What is the function of lymphocytes in chronic inflammation?

A

Immune response and memory

Produce antibodies, cytokines and interferons

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11
Q

What is the function of natural killer cells in chronic inflammation?

A

Destroy antigens and cells

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12
Q

What is the function of ,macrophages?

A

Present antigens
Remove debris
Produce interferons and other chemicals

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13
Q

What is the function of fibroblasts?

A

Make and assemble structural proteins

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14
Q

What is granulomatous inflammation categorised by?

A

Presence of granulomas in tissues and organs

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15
Q

What is granulomatous infection stimulated by?

A

Indigestible antigen

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16
Q

What are granulomas and what do they contain?

A

Aggregates of epithelial macrophages in tissue

Giant cells, eosinophils, neutrophils

17
Q

What may granulomatous infection surround and be surrounded by?

A

Surrounds dead tissue

Surrounded by lymphocytes

18
Q

What are giant cells?

A

Cells with a large cytoplasm and multiple nuclei, created via the fusion of macrophages

19
Q

What is the sequence of events in wound healing?

A

Injury, blood clot, acute inflammation, fibrin
Granulation tissue growth and angiogenesis
Phagocytosis of fibrin and replacement with collagen by myofibroblasts
Contraction of scar
Re epithelialisation

20
Q

What is the sequence of events in fracture healing?

A

Trauma, fracture, haematoma
Acute inflammation, organisation, granulation tissue
Macrophages remove debris
Osteoblasts lay down woven bone
Progressive replacement of woven bone by lamellar bone
Reformation of cortical or lamellar bone

Principles of disease AM (16 decks)

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