Chronic Disease Epidemiology and Toxicokenetics Flashcards
chronic disease epidemiology
involves the study of the distribution and determinants of chronic diseases and conditions in human populations and the application of that study to prevent and control these diseases and conditions
risk factor
variable that increases probability of experiencing an adverse health outcome
toxicokinetics
the study of how chemical substance enters and takes course while in the body
the process of toxicokinetics
absorption
distribution
biotransformation
execretion
chronic diseases are mainly caused by what general factors?
smoking
diet
body weight
sexual practices
why are primary prevention meausres complex for chronic diseases?
beause of the interaction between physical, chemical, biological, pyschosocial, environmental, and personal behvaviors and inherant risk factors
Describe how osteoporosis is influenced by multiple risk factors
The development of osteoporosis increases with a family history and/or poor diet and lifestyle behaviors
3 common pathways people are exposed to radiation
inhalation (breathing active materials into the lungs)
ingestion (swallowing radioactive materials)
direct (external) exposure
General causes of cancer
physical, chemical, and biological environments
social environment
behaviors
genetics
heatlh effects related to lead exposure
kidney
reproductive
anemia
neuropsychological
Human papilomavirus (HPV) is related to what type of cancer
cervical
Helicobacter pylori bacterium is related to what type of cancer
stomach cancer
lymphoma
Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus is related to what type of cancer
Kaposi’s sarcoma
Hepatitis B and C viruses are related to what type of cancer
Liver cancer
Epstein barr virus is related to what type of cancer
Burkitt’s lymphoma
Human T-Cell lymphotropic virus is related to what type of cancer
Adult T-Cell leukemia
What does the health belief model (HBM) attempt to identify?
a combination of factors that influences a person to change his or her behavior
6 constructs of the HBM
susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, self-efficacy
chronic disease
health related state or event that is long lasting or recurrent; a persistant medical condition
self-efficacy
confidence in one’s ability to take action
self-efficacy
a person’s belief in their ability to succeed in a particular situation
