chronic disease and cancer Flashcards
what is chronic disease
long-term conditions that usually progress
slowly over time. Ex.heart disease, diabetes,pulmonary disease (COPD),
depression, and arthritis, among many others.
how would chronic disease affect your life
- Physical
- Emotional
- Cognitive
- Social
- Spiritual
What is the chronic disease path
- symptoms begin (pre diagnosis)
- confirmation of illness (diagnosis)
- adjustment phase (meds, diet, exercise)
- stablize (well controlled or slowed down)
- unstable phase
- declining phase
- End of life
what is cancer
it is not a disease but a group of diseases. Starts in the cells. cell growth is uncontrolled and may be faster or continuous.
cells become less differentiated.
what are the two types of tumors and describe
Benign -
*noncancerous
*slow growing
*don’t spread to other areas
Malignant -
*cancerous
*grow rapidly
*may invade other tissues (metastasis)
what is a carcinogen
something that has the potential to cause cancer
-smoking
-sun exposure
-pollution
-diet
-hormones
what is the most common cancers in cancer for men, woman and children
woman - breast cancer
men- prostate
children - leukaemia
what is cell
basic functional unit of body structure
cells reproduce by diving in half and each half becoming a new cell.
what is metastasis
spread of cancer to other body parts
common sites of metastasis (“mets”)
* liver, lungs, brain, bones, lymph nodes
goals of treatment of cancer
*cure – remove
*control – stop/limit growth and spread
*rehabilitation – restore/return person to
his/her previous function
*palliation – symptom relief
ways to prevent cancer
-do not use tobacco products
-follow proper diet
-avoid sun exposure
-maintain physical activity
cancer treatments
-surgery
-radiation
-chemotherapy
-stem cell transplants
Side Effects of Radiation & Chemotherapy
Fatigue
- Skin Breakdown
- don’t wash markings
- Increased risk bruising/bleeding
- hair loss
- Nutrition
› anorexia
› nausea and vomiting
signs and symptoms of cancer
-unexplained weightloss
-fatigue
-skin changes
-lumps or thickening
-difficulty swallowing
-persistant cough
-bowel or bladder changes.
