chromosomes and mitosis

Question 1

why are new cells required?

Answer 1

-growth
-repair
-development

Question 2

how many chromosomes are found in the nucleus of human body cells?

Answer 2

46

Question 3

how many cells are produced from mitosis and what are they called?

Answer 3

2, daughter cells

Question 4

what does the nucleus contain?

Answer 4

chromosomes made of DNA molecules

Question 5

what do chromosomes contain?

Answer 5

a large number of genes

Question 6

which cells don’t have 23 pairs, what do they have?

Answer 6

gametes-they have 23 single chromosomes

Question 7

the cell cycle definition

Answer 7

the series of steps that take place as a cell grows and then divides

Question 8

describe the steps of the cell cycle

Answer 8

1. Cellular growth-the cell gets larger and produces more sub-cellular structures e.g mitochondria and ribosomes. DNA replicates to form two copies of each chromosome
2. Mitosis-one set of chromosomes is pulled to each end of the cell and the nucleus divides
3. Cytokinesis-the cytoplasm and cell membranes divide to form two identical daughter cells

Question 9

why type of reproduction is mitosis?

Answer 9

asexual

Question 10

what are chromosomes made of?

Answer 10

DNA molecules and proteins

Question 11

gene

Answer 11

a section of DNA which codes for a protein

Question 12

how are chromosomes arranged in the nucleus of a body cell?

Answer 12

in pairs, 23 in normal body cells

Question 13

3 main stages of cell cycle (titles)

Answer 13

1. replication of DNA and synthesis of organelles
2. mitosis
3. division of cell

Question 14

why is mitosis important?

Answer 14

-produce identical cells which have the same genetical information
-produce additional cells for growth and repair

Question 15

what are chromosomes?

Answer 15

DNA structures found in the nucleus which are made of genes

Question 16

what is mitosis?

Answer 16

a type of cell division which produces produces two genetically identical daughter cells from one parent cell