cells

Question 1

what type of cell is an animal?

Answer 1

eukaryotic

Question 2

what type of cell is a bacteria?

Answer 2

prokaryotic

Question 3

difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic

Answer 3

prokaryotic much smaller and simpler, eukaryotic more complex, contain membrane bound organelles and a nucleus

Question 4

nucleus

Answer 4

contains genetic material and controls the activities of the cell

Question 5

mitochondria

Answer 5

where most of the reactions for aerobic respiration take place, produces energy

Question 6

cytoplasm

Answer 6

gel-like substance where most of the chemical reactions happen, contains enzymes that control the chemical reactions

Question 7

cell membrane

Answer 7

partially permeable barrier that holds the cell together, controls what goes in and out

Question 8

ribosomes

Answer 8

where proteins are made in the cell

Question 9

cell wall

Answer 9

outer layer made of cellulose, supports and strengthens the cell, prevents cell from bursting when water enters by osmosis

Question 10

permanent vacuole

Answer 10

contains cell sap, solution of sugar and salts, supports cell and maintains its turgidity

Question 11

chloroplasts

Answer 11

site of photosynthesis, contain a green substance called chlorophyll which absorbs the light needed

Question 12

sub-cellular structures

Answer 12

the different parts of a cell

Question 13

list 5 sub-cellular structures of a bacterial cell

Answer 13

cell membrane, cytoplasm, cell wall, plasmid, circular strand of DNA

Question 14

what do bacterial cells have instead of a nucleus?

Answer 14

a singular strand of DNA that floats freely in the cytoplasm

Question 15

plasmids

Answer 15

small rings of DNA found free in the cytoplasm, carry genes

Question 16

list 2 sub-cellular structures bacteria don’t have

Answer 16

chloroplasts and mitochondria

Question 17

eukaryote

Answer 17

organism that has linear chromosomes containing DNA coiled bound proteins, contain membrane-bound organelles, contains a nucleus

Question 18

prokaryote

Answer 18

organism that has a single circular chromosome containing genes, and their DNA is loose in the cytoplasm, doesn’t contain a nucleus

Question 19

size of a prokaryotic cell

Answer 19

diameter between 0.5 and 5 micrometres

Question 20

size of a eukaryotic cell

Answer 20

diameter of 20 micrometres or more

Question 21

what are the two types of cells?

Answer 21

prokaryotic and eukaryotic

Question 22

how is genetic information stored in a prokaryotic?

Answer 22

chromosomal DNA (circular strand of DNA)
plasmid DNA

Question 23

what is a centimetre?

Answer 23

1 x 10⁻²

Question 24

what is a millimetre?

Answer 24

1 x 10⁻³

Question 25

what is a micrometre?

Answer 25

1 x 10⁻⁶

Question 26

what is a nanometre?

Answer 26

1 x 10⁻⁹

Question 27

list 5 sub-cellular structures that both animal and plant cells contain?

Answer 27

nucleus
cytoplasm
ribosome
cell membrane
mitochondria

Question 28

list 3 sub-cellular structures that only plant cells have?

Answer 28

cell wall
vacuole
chloroplast

Question 29

what is an organelle?

Answer 29

a specialised structure found inside a cell