Chromosomes Flashcards
What is down syndrome?
As the result nondisjunction, the individual ends up with 3 21 chromosomes. It could also be the result of or the translocation of chromosome 21 onto 14.
What is klinefelter’s disease?
When a male has an extra x chromosome.
What is turner syndrome?
As the result of nondisjunction, a female would be missing an x chromosome. Genotype: XO
What is trisomy?
Due to the result of nondisjunction during anaphase, an organism may be born with 3 copies for a particular chromosome.
What is monosomy?
Condition in which an organism has only one copy of a particular chromosome that is normally present as a homologous pair.
What is a karyotype?
A photograph of all the chromosomes from a cell typically arranged by size and centromere position.
What is a metaphase spreads?
A spread of chromosomes in which they can be viewed, each clearly distinguishable and nonoverlapping.
What is translocation?
Structural changes may occur in which the location of a chromosome segment is altered so that it becomes relocated to a new region within the karyotype.
What is deletion?
Type of chromosome change in which part of a chromosome is lost.
What is duplication?
Type of chromosome change in which part of a chromosome is repeated.
What is environmental sex determination?
Some reptiles the sex of offspring depends on the incubation temperature of the eggs.
