Chromosomes Flashcards
What is the function of chromosomes
Carry genes which control protein synthesis
What do the proteins determine in chromosomes
Characteristics
Define homologous chromosomes
A pair of chromosomes
What do homologous chromosomes carrie
Carries copies of the same gene is in the same position however they may be different alleles of each gene on each homologous chromosomes
Define gametes
Contain 1/2 the diploid number
Define diploid
Has a paired chromosome = denoted by 2n
Define haploid
When homologous chromosomes are separated during meiosis
What do 2 haploid gametes fuse to form
Diploid zygote
Where is DNA stored
Inside the nucleus
How do you tightly coiled the DNA to fit inside the nucleolus as a chromosomes
DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones when the DNA is wrapped around histones is referred to as the nucleusome.
What shapes are chromosomes in eukaryotic cells
Linear in shape
Define histones
It’s a protein DNA is tightly wound around
Define nucleosome
DNA wrapped around histones
