CHROMOSOME Flashcards
complete set of chromosomes of an organism
genome
a chromosome in which the **centromere is at one end **and with only one arm and is not present in humans
telocentric chromosome
chromosomes that lack centromere due to effects of chromosome breaking process like irradiation
acentric chromosomes
region of chromome that contains kinetochore; serves as the site of attachment of spindle fiber
centromere
carrier of hereditary traits
chromosome
haploid number of human chromosomes
23
longitudinal subunitss of a chromosome
chromatids
region of chromome that contains kinetochore; serves as the site of attachment of spindle fiber
centromere
contains two centromeres
dicentric chromosomes
contains single centromere
monocentric chromosomes
produced by heat treating the chromosomes in saline solution before staining with giemsa
R-bands
how many paired chromosomes does a human have?
46
male chromosome that is relatively smaller and telocentric
Y chromosome
a classification of chromosome in which the centromere is located in the middle and with equal arm length
V shape
metacentric chromosome
a chromosome in which the centromere is near the middle and with arms of slightly different lengths
L shape
sub-metacentric chromosome
chromosomes are treated with** trypsin enzyme** that partially digest chromosomal proteins when exposed to dye called Giemsa
G-Banding
binds proteins to protect the chromosome ends
telomere
chromosome in which the** centromere is near one end** and with arms of different lengths
acrocentric chromosome
DNA sequences at the ends of chromosomes
telomere
material of the chromosomes** composed of nucleosomes** joined together resembling beads on a string
chromatin fiber
contains more than 2 centromeres
polycentric chromosomes
total number of 23 pairs and are marked as X and Y
sex chromosomes
female chromosome
X chromosome