Chromium (Cr) Flashcards
What are the absorption rates of Cr and where is it absorbed?
- Absorption rates range from .4% to 3%. A dose -dependent relationship exists; as intake increases, absorption decreases.
- Some Cr, especially Cr3+ is absorbed in the stomach but the majority is absorbed throughout the intestines especially the jejunum.
How is Cr transported in the blood?
Cr competitively bind to transferrin and is transported in the blood along with Fe.
What is the function of Cr?
- Cr potentiates the action of insulin by amplifying the tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin receptor.
What conditions can lead to increased urinary Cr excretion?
Diabetes type II and pregnancy can increase urinary Cr excretion. Note: Cr supplementation may benefits individuals with these conditions.
What are the estimated safe adequate intake and good sources of Cr?
- Estimated safe intake: 14-18 M/F:35/24. 19-50: 35/25, and >51: 30/20 M/F.
- Sources include Whole grains, processed meat, legumes, beer, egg yolks, mushrooms.
True/False. Cr supplementation will not elicit a nutritional effect unless a deficiency of the mineral exist. Give an example of a condition that increases risk of Cr deficiency.
- True
2. Patients on Parenteral Nutrition w/out adequate Cr replacement.
What are signs/symptoms of Cr deficiency?
- Impaired glucose and a.a utilization, increased plasma LDL- cholesterol levels, and peripheral neuropathy.
- Signs includes weight loss, hyperglycemia refractory to insulin, glucosuria, peripheral neuropathy, and hyperlipidemia.
Why caution is needed when supplementing Cr?
The most common form of Cr is Cr3+ picolinate (Cr)pic)3 which is potential harmful and poorly absorbable. Potential side effects include muscle rhabdomyolysis (destruction) (1200mcg/d), liver dysfunction, and renal failure (600 -2400mcg/d).
2. Fe status can be compromised w/ Cr supplementation since they both compete for binding sites on transferrin. Note: type 2 diabetics may benefit from 200mcg/d Crpic3 supplementation.
