Chromatin Level Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the different forms of chromatins?

A
Nucleosome 
30nm chromatin Fiber 
Loop Domain 
Scoffold Protein 
Chromosome
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2
Q

Compare Heterochromatin and Euchromatin

A

Hetero:

  • highly compacted
  • not accessible to enzymes involved in DNA transcription, replication or repair

Euk:

  • less condensed
  • active transcription
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3
Q

Chromatin Remodelling

A
  1. Nucleosomes consists of ~146bp of DNA wound around a histone core particle
  2. N-terminal tails-> lysine rich-> (+)
  3. Interact with negatively charged phosphate groups of sugar phosphate backbone
  4. Increasing affinity of DNA for nucleosome surface, preventing accessibility of RNA ply and TFs
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4
Q

How Is histone acetyle transferase (HATs) work?

A
  1. Add acetyl group to lysine
  2. Neutralises the positive charged histone tails
  3. Less efa bt histone and DNA; DNA loosened and chromatin decondenses
  4. Transcription machinery has easy access to genes in acetylated region
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5
Q

How is histone deacetylases (HADCs) work?

A
  1. Reforming chromatin to its default state -> condensed
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6
Q

General description of Histone methylation

A
  • covalently addition of a methyl group to 5’ cytosine

- 5’-CG-3’

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