Christianity topic 1 Flashcards
Name some christian denominations - protestant and not
protestant - church of England, baptist, evangelical.
Other - Roman Catholic, Eastern orthodox, Mormons.
What are some quotes in the lords prayer that show God as
a) personal
b) forgiving
c) benevolent
d) eternal
e) transcendent (higher being)
f) omnipotent (all powerful)
a) ‘our father’
b) ‘forgive those who sin against us’
c) ‘give us today our daily bread’
d) ‘in heaven’ ‘now and forever’
e) ‘glory are yours’
f) ‘your kingdom’
what is a creed?
a set of beliefs or aims which guide someones actions.
Outline the meanings of the apostles creed.
‘almighty’ - omnipotent
‘his only son’ - personal relationship
‘Jesus Christ’ = anointed one - blessed by king with oil
‘Conceived by the holy spirit’ - miracle only possible by God, BORN FREE OF SIN, omniscient
‘virgin Mary’ - Joseph stood by her = important figure
‘Pontius pilate’ - Roman govenor of the church = important figure ( Jesus had to die)
‘descended to the dead’ - hell, suffering to save from sins
‘HE ROSE AGAIN’ - most crucial belief, born of God, conquer death
‘seated at the right hand of the father’ - second only to God
final judgement = second coming
‘Catholic church’ - anyone can be saved, universal
Outline the ideas of the Nicene Creed - council of Nicea
10
monotheism - emphasises that there is only one god
‘seen and unseen’ - heaven, holy spirit and all things physical
‘begotten of the father’ - Jesus is a person of God (trinity)
‘through him all things were made’ present at creation = given a body
‘came down from heaven’ - eternal
‘in accordance with the scriptures’ - important to Christians as only approved scriptures are read
‘come again in glory’ - the world will see his return
‘his kingdom will have no end’ - heaven on earth will be eternal
‘proceeds from the father and the son’ - all interconnected + EQUAL
= emphasises ideas of the trinity + Jesus is God with a body
What is the significance of naming Pontius Pilate?
able to date exactly when Jesus was crucified, making it a historical fact
What are some similarities of the two creeds?
similarities - Jesus was conceived by the Holy Spirit (power of God)
Jesus was God’s only son
Jesus is second only to God
Judge the living and dead = important belief
universal - anyone can be saved
crucial belief of Jesus’ resurrection
What are some differences of the two creeds?
Nicene creed - reinforces the idea of the trinity, Jesus is God with a body
does not mention descending into hell
God is everywhere - seen and unseen
spoken through the prophets
What is Jesus’ sermon on the mount and what is the significance?
The collection of Jesus’ teachings found in Matthew’s gospel (primary source). Summarises Jesus’ teaching about how Christians should live their lives.
Where in the bible are the Beatitudes?
Matthew chapter 5 v.3-16
What do the following Beatitudes mean:
a) blessed are the poor in spirit
b) blessed are those who mourn
c) blessed are the meek
Blessed are the vulnerable
a) the shy and those who lack confidence
b) those who worry
c) the humble
= surprising to the audience
What do the following Beatitudes mean:
a) blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness
b) blessed are the merciful
c) blessed are the pure in heart
d) blessed are the peacemakers
those who put faith in action
a) those who desire to be better + being right with God
b) the forgiving (links to the lords prayer)
c) those who act out of love with pure intentions
d) those who work towards a compromise + restore relationships
What do the following Beatitudes mean:
a) blessed are the persecuted because of righteousness
b) blessed are you when people say all kinds of evil against you
c) Rejoice and be glad, because great is your reward in heaven for in the same way they persecuted the prophets who were before you
those who would die for the faith
a) those who are discriminated and bullied for the faith
b) ‘’ ‘’
c) persecuted - old testament
note: all bar one of the disciples were martyred
What is the golden rule?
‘Do onto others as you would have done onto you’
What does Jesus say about:
a) murder
b) adultery
c) divorce
a) Don’t think about murder
b) Lusting over another woman could be seen as just as bad as committing adultery
c) only due to serious reason (marrying someone who is divorced could be seen as adultery)
What does Jesus say about:
a) oaths
b) revenge
c) love your enemies
a) do not use God’s name in vain
b) do not retaliate, turn the other cheek
c) be kind to those who persecute you
What does Jesus say about:
a) charity
b) prayer
c) fasting
a) Don’t show off your charity, keep it private
b) keep your prayers between you and God
c) don’t take part to seem holier than others
What does Jesus say about:
a) treasures in heaven
b) worry
c) judging others
d) ask seek knock
a) you cannot serve God and money
b) do not worry - God will provide for you
c) Do not judge - you will be judged by God the same way
d) pray to God and he will provide for you
What does Jesus say about:
a) the tree and its fruit
b) the wise and foolish builders
a) judge people by their actions not their words
b) those who hear God’s teachings and follow will be like the wise but those who ignore will be like the foolish
what is the main teaching of the sermon on the mount?
That thoughts are just as bad as actions, Jesus wanted to motivate people to be better
Name three sacraments.
- Baptism
- Matrimony
- confirmation
What is the outward action of the Sacraments?
Baptism - water poured on the head of a baby or full immersion
The Eucharist - sharing of bead and wine
Confirmation - laying of hands by a bishop/ priest on a person’s head
Ordination - becoming a priest, laying of hands
Matrimony - exchange rings and vows
anointing the sick - holy oil on head
Reconciliation - apologising
what is the inner meaning of the sacraments?
Baptism - wash away sin
The Eucharist - receiving the body and blood of Christ
Confirmation - passing the Holy Spirit to the person
Ordination - giving them spiritual power
Matrimony - God has joined them in a union
Reconciliation - for forgiveness
anointing the sick - to ease spiritual and physical suffering
What does the word sacrament mean?
Outward sign of invisible grace
What are the only two sacraments recognised by the protestant churches and why?
Baptism and Eucharist as they are the only ones Jesus was involved in
Why is worship important to Christians?
They can show their love and respect for God. They believe God communicates with the believer
What are the three ways of worshipping?
- congregational
- small groups
- alone
What is the difference between non liturgical and liturgical prayer and which churches favour what?
Liturgical services are more formal and use set patterns. Favoured by RC, CofE and orthodox because they feel more secure and the structure helps them to reflect more deeply on the meanings.
Non- liturgical services are spontaneous and have little pre-organised structure. Used by non- conformist churches such as baptist as it ensures they don’t become stuck in a rut without thinking about the meaning.
How do churches use colours to represent important seasons of the Christian calendar?
The priest’s robes may represent what is being celebrated
What is charismatic worship?
Worship where it is believed that you receive the holy spirit. It is lively and may involve speaking in tongues. e.g. pentecostal
What event is being remembered in a Eucharist service?
The last supper
What are the four sections of the liturgy of the sacrament and which church does it apply to?
Anglican
- bible readings and a sermon
- the Nicene creed
- prayers of intercession
- the peace
What do Roman Catholics believe happens to the bread and wine in ‘mass’?
transubstantiation - it becomes the body and blood of Jesus
What does consubstantiation mean and which church does it apply to?
Anglican - Jesus is spiritually present but the bread and wine does not become that of Jesus
How is worship in a Quaker meeting different to normal?
Silence to reflect, no prayers or readings
Why do Christians pray?
They believe they can form a personal relationship with God and communicate with him
What is the meaning of Amen at the end of a prayer?
To confirm their agreement with all that has been said
What is the difference between liturgical prayer and extempore prayer?
Liturgical prayers help worshippers to communicate with god through set prayers. Extempore prayers allow Christians to speak to God individually
Why is private prayer important to Christians?
It allows them to be still and calm and consider what God is saying to them privately
Why may Roman Catholics use rosary beads?
- To feel closer to God
- An aid to prayer
- A form of meditation
- A reminder to pray
Why may Christians not use a rosary?
They don’t want to rely on an object to feel closer to God. Protestants disapprove as they find it superstitious and don’t believe Mary can answer prayers
What are the seven types of prayer and what do they mean?
adoration - prayers that focus on God’s character and love for him
supplication - seeking God’s help in a challenging situation
thanks - Thanking God for allowing him to remain grateful
grace - Thank God before eating a meal
pray in the spirit - praying an inspired prayer
meditation - focuses in stillness in God
Confession - When Christians confess to God anything the believe they have done wrong
Why may Christians pray even if they don’t seem to be answered?
- Because God has a plan and is always listening
