Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Engineer > Chptr 5- Principles Of Water > Flashcards

Chptr 5- Principles Of Water Flashcards

1
Q

What remained the most common weapon in the firefighter’s arsenal?

A

Plain water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Freezing and boiling point of water

A

32 (0° C) degrees and 212 degrees (100° C)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ordinary fresh water is considered to weigh ___lb/gal

A

8.3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are ways that a water can extinguish fire

A

Cool/absorb heat from the fire, as well as smother (exclude oxygen from) fires.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Specific gravity of water

A

1.0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Is gasolines specific gravity less than water or more? Does that make it float on top of water or water on top of gasoline?

A

Less than
Gasolines specific gravity= 0.72-0.76
Gasoline on top of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The greater the ______ ____ of water exposed, the more rapidly heat is absorbed.

A

Surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Water converted to steam occupies approx. ____ times its original volume

A

1,700

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Water has a ____ surface tension,

Making it somewhat difficult to soak into dense materials

A

High

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

_______ ______ may be mixed with water to reduce its surface tension and increase its penetrating ability

A

Wetting agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Water is a ____ conductor of electricity

A

Good

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Force per unit area exerted by a liquid or gas measured in pounds per square inch (psi)

A

Pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Simple measure of weight, usually expressed in lbs or kg

A

Force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The speed at which a fluid travels through a pipeline or hose is often called ________

A

Velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted _______ in all directions

A

Equally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The pressure of a liquid in an open vessel is proportional to its _____

A

Depth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Mercury is _____ times denser than water

A

13.55

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pressure of a liquid in an open vessel is proportional to the _______ of the liquid

A

Density

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Mercury also has a specific gravity _______ than one, as it will sink in the water

A

Greater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The pressure of a liquid at the bottom of a vessel is ___________ of the shape of the vessel.

A

Independent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Atmospheric pressure at sea level ____ psi, which is considered standard atmospheric pressure

A

14.7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Any pressure less than atmospheric pressure is called _______

A

Vacuum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

____ refers to the height of a water supply above the discharge orifice

A

Head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The water flow definition of ______ ________ is stored potential energetic available to force water through pipes, fittings, hose, and adapters.

A

Static pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

_____ ________ may be produced by an elevated water supply, atmospheric pressure, or a pump.

A

Water pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

If water is not moving, the pressure exerted is ______

A

Static

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

______ means at rest, or without motion.

A

Static

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Difference between static pressure and normal operating pressure

A

The friction caused by water flowing through pipes, valves, and fittings on the system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

________ _________ is the portion of the total available pressure not used to overcome friction loss or gravity while forcing water through pipes, fittings, hoses, or adapters.

Residual is the remainder or that which is left

A

Residual pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

While water is flowing from a discharge opening, the forward velocity pressure is considered the ____ ________

A

Flow pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

________ is the position of an object in relation to sea level

A

Altitude

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

_________ refers to the center line of the pump or bottom of a static water supply course above or below ground level

A

Elevation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Gain or loss in pressure of a hose line due to change of elevation

A

Elevation pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Above sea level, atmospheric pressure decreases approximately ___ psi for every 1,000 ft

A

0.5

35
Q

Loss of pressure created by the turbulence of water moving against the interior walls of the hose or pipe

A

Friction loss

36
Q

Force created by the rapid deceleration of water; causes a violent increase in pressure that can be powerful enough to rupture piping or damage fixtures

A

Water hammer

37
Q

Rivers and lakes are two examples of ______ _____ supply

A

Surface water

38
Q

Water wells or water producing springs are two examples of ______ _____ supply

A

Ground water

39
Q

Primary water supply can be obtained from either ______ water or ______ water

A

Surface, ground

40
Q

What are the 3 methods of moving water in a system

A

Direct pumping system
Gravity system
Combination system

41
Q

Part of an overall water supply system that receives the water from the pumping station and delivers it throughout the area to be served

A

Distribution systems

42
Q

Water supply system that utilizes lateral feeders for improved distribution

A

Grid system

43
Q

Fire hydrant that receives water from only one direction is known as a

A

Dead end hydrant

44
Q

When a fire hydrant receives water from two or more directions, it is said to have __________ _____ or a looped line

A

Circulating feed

45
Q

A distribution system that provides circulating feed from several mains constitutes a ____ ______

A

Grid system

46
Q

-
-

A

Primary feeders
Secondary feeders
Distributors

47
Q

One of the most important factors in a water supply system is the

A

Water departments ability to promptly operate the valves during emergency or breakdown of equipment

48
Q

Valves should be inspected and operated ______ by the water supply utility

A

Yearly

49
Q

An __________ valve visually shows whether the gate or valve seat is open, closed, or partially closed.

A

Indicating

50
Q

Two common indicating valves

A

Outside screw and yoke

Post indicator valve

51
Q

This type of indicator valve is most commonly used on sprinkler systems

A

Outside screw and yoke

52
Q

This type of indicator valve is commonly used on private water supply systems

A

Post indicator valve

53
Q

Most common type of valve used on public water distribution systems, normally installed in valve boxes or manholes

A

Nonindicating valve

54
Q

3 basic rates of consumption are considered by engineers when they design water distribution systems

A

Average daily consumption (ADC)
Maximum daily consumption (MDC)
Peak hourly consumption (PHC)

55
Q

What type of supply systems are most commonly found on larger commercial, industrial, or institutional properties, but may also be found in some residential developments?

A

Private water supply systems

56
Q

Private water supply systems maintain _______ piping for fire protection and domestic/industrial services.

A

Separate

57
Q

What are the purposes of a private water supply system?

A

Provide water strictly for fire protection,
For sanitary and fire protection,
And for fire protection and manufacturing processes

58
Q

Tip sizes and flows of master stream

A

1 3/8”-502 GPM
1 1/2”- 598 GPM
1 3/4”- 814 GPM
2”- 1063 GPM

59
Q

Water is a compound when two ________ atoms combine with 1 ______ atom

A

Hydrogen

Oxygen

60
Q

At waters freezing point it converts to a ______, and at its boiling point it converts to a ___

A

Solid

Gas

61
Q

Water is considered to be virtually ______________

A

Imcompressible

62
Q

Water’s density, or its weight per unit of volume is measured in pounds per cubic foot (kg/m^3).
Ordinary fresh water is considered to weigh
_kg/liter
__lb/gallon
___lb/ft^3 (cubed)
____kg/m^3 (cubed)

A

1 kg/liter
8.3lb/gallon
62.4lb/ft^3
1000kg/m^3

63
Q

Water may be used to smother fires in a combustible liquid when the liquid’s specific gravity is _______ than 1.

A

Higher

64
Q

Water has _______ heat-absorbing capacity than other common extinguishing agents

A

Greater

65
Q

A column of water ____ feet high exerts pressure of 1 psi at its base.
An elevated water supply ___ft higher than your hydrant will deliver 43.4 psi at the hydrant

A

2.304

100’

66
Q

Radiant heat ______ passes through water, rendering water curtains ___________

A

Easily

Ineffective

67
Q

Fluid pressure is ____________ to any surface on which it acts

A

Perpendicular

68
Q

Fluid pressure at a point in fluid at rest is the ____ intensity in all directions

A

Same

69
Q

Pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted _______ in all directions

A

Equally

70
Q

___________ pressure that surrounds the earth has depth and density, exerting pressure on everything.

A

Atmospheric

71
Q

Absolute zero pressure is called a

A

Perfect vacuum

72
Q

Water pressure may be produced by an _______ _____ ______, ___________ ________, or a ____.

A

Elevated water supply
Atmospheric pressure
A pump

73
Q

The pressure found in a water distribution system during normal consumption demands is considered the _______ _________ ________

A

Normal operating pressure

74
Q

FL varies directly with the ______ of the hose or pipes

A

Length

75
Q

FL develops much ______ than the change in velocity

A

Faster

76
Q

FL in a hose will ________ when the diameter of the hose is increased

A

Decrease

77
Q

FL for a given velocity is approximately the _____, regardless of the pressure on the water

A

Same

78
Q

The smaller the hose, the _______ the velocity needed to deliver the same volume of a larger hose.

A

Greater

79
Q

FL in a water system _________ as the length of the hose or piping increases.

A

Increases

80
Q

For water supply, most communities use a

A

Combination of gravity systems and direct pumping systems

81
Q

Control valves in public water distribution systems are generally ____ valves

A

Gate

82
Q

Most commonly, private water supply systems receive their water from

A

Municipal water supply systems

83
Q

In municipal water systems, fire hydrants and water for domestic/industrial use are connect to the ____ mains

A

Same

Engineer (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions