Chpt2 Flashcards
the school of thought that rejects scientific method and claims that science is just a debate about an unknowable reality is called…
constructivism
the person that suggested to learn how nature works, we must ‘sit down before fact as a little child.’ and ‘be prepared to give up every preconceived notion’ was..
T.H. Huxley
Harry teaches an advanced painting class. His goal is to teach students to paint more creatively. Harry will probably measure learning as a change in response…
Topography
in a cumulative record, learning is indicated by a change in response …
rate
when a behaviour is defined by the procedure used to measure it, the definition is said to be…
operational
the kind of experiment that is most likely to require statistical analysis is a…
study most likely to involve a large number of subjects is one with a…
between-subjects experiment
between-subjects design
in within-subject experiments, each subjects performance is compared with it’s performance during a…
baseline period
a person who says ‘everyone knows that’ is referring to …
anecdotal evidence
using an ABA reversal design is rather like using..
a light switch
experiments done in natural settings are called…
field experiments
… wrote ‘my business is to teach my aspirations to conform themselves to fact, not to try and make facts harmonize with my aspirations’
T.H. Huxley
… called learning the ‘great problem in all human psychology’
John B. Watson
A… explanation is one in which the evidence for the explanation of an event, is the event itself
circular
a teacher who looks for an increase in the number of correct performances per minute is using… as a measure of learning
fluency
one highly readable little book on research methods mentioned in your text is called…
psychological research: an introduction
one problem with computer simulations as a substitute for animal research is that…
no one knows what behaviour to program until the research has been done
fluency is also known as…
automaticity
any variable an experimenter manipulates is an…
independent variable
any variable that is allowed to vary freely is a…
dependent variable
in group-design experiments researchers often use…. to reduce differences among participants
matched sampling
experimental research on behaviour is often said to be artificial. To compensate for this problem researchers do…
field experiments
the natural science approach emphasizes physical events
true
speed and rate are different terms for the same measure of learning
false
learning researchers note that results with humans usually parallel those with animals
true
B.F. Skinner was the first person to record data cumulatively
false
a cumulative record shows the total number of responses that have occurred in a given period of time as well as the rate at which they occurred
true
… refers to the time that passes before a response occurs
response latency
a flat cumulative record indicates that the behaviour is…
not occurring
