Chpt2

Question 1

the school of thought that rejects scientific method and claims that science is just a debate about an unknowable reality is called…

Answer 1

constructivism

Question 2

the person that suggested to learn how nature works, we must ‘sit down before fact as a little child.’ and ‘be prepared to give up every preconceived notion’ was..

Answer 2

T.H. Huxley

Question 3

Harry teaches an advanced painting class. His goal is to teach students to paint more creatively. Harry will probably measure learning as a change in response…

Answer 3

Topography

Question 4

in a cumulative record, learning is indicated by a change in response …

Answer 4

rate

Question 5

when a behaviour is defined by the procedure used to measure it, the definition is said to be…

Answer 5

operational

Question 6

the kind of experiment that is most likely to require statistical analysis is a…
study most likely to involve a large number of subjects is one with a…

Answer 6

between-subjects experiment

between-subjects design

Question 7

in within-subject experiments, each subjects performance is compared with it’s performance during a…

Answer 7

baseline period

Question 8

a person who says ‘everyone knows that’ is referring to …

Answer 8

anecdotal evidence

Question 9

using an ABA reversal design is rather like using..

Answer 9

a light switch

Question 10

experiments done in natural settings are called…

Answer 10

field experiments

Question 11

… wrote ‘my business is to teach my aspirations to conform themselves to fact, not to try and make facts harmonize with my aspirations’

Answer 11

T.H. Huxley

Question 12

… called learning the ‘great problem in all human psychology’

Answer 12

John B. Watson

Question 13

A… explanation is one in which the evidence for the explanation of an event, is the event itself

Answer 13

circular

Question 14

a teacher who looks for an increase in the number of correct performances per minute is using… as a measure of learning

Answer 14

fluency

Question 15

one highly readable little book on research methods mentioned in your text is called…

Answer 15

psychological research: an introduction

Question 16

one problem with computer simulations as a substitute for animal research is that…

Answer 16

no one knows what behaviour to program until the research has been done

Question 17

fluency is also known as…

Answer 17

automaticity

Question 18

any variable an experimenter manipulates is an…

Answer 18

independent variable

Question 19

any variable that is allowed to vary freely is a…

Answer 19

dependent variable

Question 20

in group-design experiments researchers often use…. to reduce differences among participants

Answer 20

matched sampling

Question 21

experimental research on behaviour is often said to be artificial. To compensate for this problem researchers do…

Answer 21

field experiments

Question 22

the natural science approach emphasizes physical events

Answer 22

true

Question 23

speed and rate are different terms for the same measure of learning

Answer 23

false

Question 24

learning researchers note that results with humans usually parallel those with animals

Answer 24

true

Question 25

B.F. Skinner was the first person to record data cumulatively

Answer 25

false

Question 26

a cumulative record shows the total number of responses that have occurred in a given period of time as well as the rate at which they occurred

Answer 26

true

Question 27

… refers to the time that passes before a response occurs

Answer 27

response latency

Question 28

a flat cumulative record indicates that the behaviour is…

Answer 28

not occurring