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Psych 109 > Chapt1 > Flashcards

Chapt1 Flashcards

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1
Q

variation and natural selection are the foundations of …

A

evolution

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2
Q

Darwin’s theory of evolution has been around for about …

A

150 years

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3
Q

chapter 1 includes a box called the face of Change. one point the essay makes is that…

A

many changes in our lives are imperceptible

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4
Q

the role of Natural Selection in the beaks of finches was the subject of research by…

A

Peter and Rosemary Grant

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5
Q

the gollypod, a fictitious aquatic animal, breaks out in a cold sweat whenever exposed to the sun. This reaction is most likely…

A

a reflex

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6
Q

the tendency of some animals to hoard food is probably an example of…

A

a general behaviour trait

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7
Q

the quotation “change is the only constant” is attributed to…

A

Lucretius

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8
Q

modal action patterns are induced by events called….

A

releasers

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9
Q

the chief advantage of learning over natural selection as a means of adapting to change is that learning…

A

is faster

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10
Q

the phenomenon that is nearly the opposite of habituation is…

A

sensitization

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11
Q

the person who demonstrated that the marching of tropical army Ants is not intelligent behaviour is…

A

Schneirla

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12
Q

the list of alleged human fixed action patterns…

A

has gotten shorter in recent years

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13
Q

one person who raised doubts about incest taboo is…

A

freud

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14
Q

in her study of baboons, Shirley Strum found that the most successful males were…

A

less aggressive than other males

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15
Q

the brown headed cowbird deposits its eggs in the nests of other birds. this is most likely a…

A

modal action pattern

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16
Q

learning is an evolved…

A

modifiability

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17
Q

according to David Buss, the work of Gregor Mendel…

A

had little or no influence to Darwin’s thinking

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18
Q

behaviour is anything an animal or person does that can be…

A

Measured

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19
Q

natural selection is illustrated by changes in the colouration of the peppered moth resulting from…

A

industrial pollution

20
Q

most mutations…

A

are not helpful to survival

21
Q

Keltner and Anderson suggest that …. may protect us from injury by appeasing others we have offended

A

blushing

22
Q

a reflex is…

A

a relationship between an event and a simple response

23
Q

there is evidence that the rate of… in foetuses is correlated with intellectual development after birth

A

habituation

24
Q

the rooting of pigs (for worms, larvae & truffles) is an example of a

A

MAP

25
Q

the colour … is a releaser for aggression in the male stickleback

A

red

26
Q

learning is…

A

a change in behaviour

27
Q

experience refers to…

A

events that affect behaviour

28
Q

an … is something an organism tries to escape or avoid

A

aversive

29
Q

in the fox breeding experiment, researchers selectively mated foxes that displayed…

A

dog-like behaviour

30
Q

Lee Cronk wrote an article on how evolved behaviour can prove non-adaptive when the environment changes. The article was called…

A

Old dogs, old tricks

31
Q

… poked fun at the human tendency to see itself as the crowning achievement of evolution

A

Bertrand Russell

32
Q

… refers to modal action patterns as complex reflexes

A

Howard Rachlin

33
Q

Steven says that he was very nervous when he first attended college classes, but now he feels quite relaxed. Stevens loss of anxiety is most likely an example of…

A

learning

34
Q

natural selection helps the individual adapt to changes in its environment

A

false

35
Q

reflexes are generally less variable than modal action patterns

A

true

36
Q

all reflexes contribute to survival

A

false

37
Q

Darwin believe that there were no human instincts

A

false

38
Q

a major problem with natural selection as an adaptive mechanism is that it is slow

A

True

39
Q

research on the sexual orientation of sisters of lesbian women demonstrated that homosexuality is an inherited characteristic

A

false

40
Q

natural selection helps the species to adapt to change, not the individual

A

true

41
Q

your text views learning as a change in the brain that is represented in behaviour

A

false

42
Q

learning always involves the acquisition of new behaviours

A

false

43
Q

it is sometimes difficult to say whether an event is behaviour or physiology

A

true

44
Q

the word stimulus always refers to events in an organisms surroundings

A

false

45
Q

Darwin founded his theory of evolution on the work of Gregor Mendel

A

False

46
Q

repeated exposure to a stimulus that evokes a reflex response results in…

A

habituation

Psych 109 (3 decks)

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