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My Medical Terminology > Chpt 8 Nervous and Psy > Flashcards

Chpt 8 Nervous and Psy Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

cerebr/o

A

cerebrum (largest part of the brain)

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2
Q

cerebell/o

A

cerebellum (little brain)

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3
Q

crani/o

A

skull

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4
Q

encephal/o

A

entire brain

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5
Q

esthesi/o

A

sensation

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6
Q

gangli/o

A

ganglion (knot)

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7
Q

gli/o

A

glue

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8
Q

gnos/o

A

knowing

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9
Q

kinesi/o

A

movement

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10
Q

lex/o

A

word or phrase

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11
Q

mening/o, meningi/o

A

meninges (membrane)

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12
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord or bone marrow

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13
Q

narc/o

A

stupor or sleep

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14
Q

neur/o

A

nerve

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15
Q

phas/o

A

speech

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16
Q

phob/o

A

exaggerated fear or sensitivity

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17
Q

phor/o

A

carry or bear

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18
Q

phren/o

A

mind

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19
Q

schiz/o

A

split

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20
Q

somat/o

A

body

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21
Q

somn/o

A

sleep

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22
Q

spin/o

A

spine (thorn)

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23
Q

spondyl/o, vertebr/o

A

vertebra

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24
Q

stere/o

A

three-dimensional or solid

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25
Q

tax/o

A

order or coordination

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26
Q

thalam/o

A

thalamus (a room)

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27
Q

ton/o

A

tone or tension

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28
Q

top/o

A

place

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29
Q

ventricul/o

A

ventricle (belly or pouch)

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30
Q

cata-

A

down

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31
Q

-asthenia

A

weakness

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32
Q

-lepsy

A

seizure

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33
Q

-mania

A

condition of abnormal impulse toward

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34
Q

-paresis

A

slight paralysis

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35
Q

-plegia

A

paralysis

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36
Q

aphasia

A

impairment because of localized brain injury that affects the understanding, retrieving, and formulating of meaningful and sequential elements of language, as demonstrated by an inability to use or comprehend words; occurs as a result of a stroke, head trauma, or disease

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37
Q

dementia (dementio = to be mad)

A

an impairment of intellectual function characterized by memory loss, disorientation, and confusion

38
Q

neuralgia

A

pain along the course of a nerve

39
Q

paralysis

A

temporary or permanent loss of motor control

40
Q

flaccid paralysis

A

defective (flabby) or absent muscle control caused by a nerve lesion

41
Q

spastic paralysis

A

stiff and awkward muscle control caused by a central nervous system disorder

42
Q

hemiparesis

A

partial paralysis of the right or left half of the body

43
Q

sciatica

A

pain that follows the pathway of the sciatic nerve, caused by compression or trauma of the nerve or its roots

44
Q

hyperesthesia

A

increased sensitivity to stimulation such as touch or pain

45
Q

paresthesia

A

abnormal sensation of numbness and tingling without objective cause

46
Q

agnosia

A

any of many types of loss of neurologic function involving interpretation of sensory information

47
Q

astereognosis

A

inability to judge the form of an object by touch (e.g., a coin from a key)

48
Q

CVA (meaning of the condition)

A

(Cerebrovascular Accident)stroke; damage to the brain caused by cerebrovascular disease, such as occlusion of a blood vessel by a thrombus or embolus (ischemic stroke) or intracranial hemorrhage after rupture of an aneurysm (hemorrhagic stroke)

49
Q

TIA (meaning of the condition)

A

(Transient Ischemic Attack)brief episode of loss of blood flow to the brain, usually caused by a partial occlusion that results in temporary neurologic deficit (impairment); often precedes a CVA

50
Q

encephalitis

A

inflammation of the brain

51
Q

epilepsy

A

disorder affecting the central nervous system; characterized by recurrent seizures

52
Q

glioma

A

tumor of glial cells graded according to degree of malignancy

53
Q

hydrocephalus

A

abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain as a result of developmental anomalies, infection, injury, or tumor

54
Q

meningitis

A

inflammation of the meninges

55
Q

spina bifida

A

defect in development of the spinal column characterized by the absence of vertebral arches, often resulting in pouching of the meninges (meningocele) or of the meninges and spinal cord (meningomyelocele); considered to be the most common neural tube defect (spina = spine; bifida = split into two parts)

56
Q

plegia

A

paralysis

57
Q

hemiplegia

A

paralysis on one side of the body

58
Q

paraplegia

A

paralysis from the waist down

59
Q

quadriplegia

A

paralysis of all four limbs

60
Q

craniotomy

A

incision into the skull to approach the brain

61
Q

discectomy

A

removal of a herniated disk; often done percutaneously (per = through; cutaneous = skin)

62
Q

laminectomy

A

excision of one or more laminae of the vertebrae to approach the spinal cord

63
Q

spondylosyndesis

A

spinal fusion

64
Q

analgesic

A

agent that relieves pain

65
Q

hypnotic

A

agent that induces sleep

66
Q

dysphoria

A

a restless, dissatisfied mood

67
Q

mania

A

state of abnormal elation and increased activity

68
Q

neurosis

A

a psychologic condition in which anxiety is prominent

69
Q

psychosis

A

a mental condition characterized by distortion of reality resulting in the inability to communicate or function within ones environment

70
Q

hypochondriasis

A

a preoccupation with thoughts of disease and concern that one is suffering from a serious condition that persists despite medical reassurance to the contrary

71
Q

ideation

A

the formation of thoughts or ideas, such as suicidal ideation (thoughts of suicide)

72
Q

affect

A

emotional feeling or mood

73
Q

anxiolytic agent

A

antianxiety agent: drugs used to reduce anxiety

74
Q

neuroleptic agent

A

drugs used to treat psychosis, especially schizophrenia

75
Q

ALS

A

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

76
Q

ADHD

A

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

77
Q

CP

A

cerebral palsy

78
Q

CSF

A

cerebrospinal fluid

79
Q

DTR

A

deep tendon reflexes

80
Q

ECT

A

electroconvulsive therapy

81
Q

EEG

A

electroencephalogram

82
Q

GAD

A

generalized anxiety disorder

83
Q

LP

A

lumbar puncture

84
Q

MS

A

multiple sclerosis

85
Q

NCV

A

nerve conduction velocity

86
Q

OCD

A

obsessive-compulsive disorder

87
Q

PET

A

positron-emission tomography

88
Q

SPECT

A

single-photon emission computed tomography

89
Q

psych/o

A

mind

90
Q

thym/o

A

mind

91
Q

somn/i

A

sleep

92
Q

hypn/o

A

sleep

My Medical Terminology (9 decks)

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