Chp 13 Urinary system

Question 1

albuminuria

presense of albumin in the urine, such as occurs in renal disease or in normal urine after heavy exercise

Answer 1

presense of albumin in the urine, such as occurs in renal disease or in normal urine after heavy exercise

Question 2

proteinuria

Answer 2

presense of albumin in the urine, such as occurs in renal disease or in normal urine after heavy exercise (albumin/o = protein)

Question 3

anuria

Answer 3

absence of urine formation

Question 4

bacteriuria

Answer 4

presence of bacteria in the urine

Question 5

dysuria

Answer 5

painful urination

Question 6

enuresis

Answer 6

urinary incontinence; involuntary discharge of urine, usually referring to a lack of bladder control (enourein = to urinate, -esis = condition, action, or process)

Question 7

nocturnal enuresis

Answer 7

bedwetting during sleep (enourein = to urinate, -esis = condition, action, or process)

Question 8

Glucosuria

Answer 8

glucose (sugar) in the urine

Question 9

glycosuria

Answer 9

glucose (sugar) in the urine

Question 10

hematuria

Answer 10

presence of blood in the urine

Question 11

incontinence

Answer 11

involuntary discharge of urine or feces

Question 12

urinary stress incontinence

Answer 12

involuntary discharge of urine with coughing, sneezing, or strained exercise

Question 13

ketonuria

Answer 13

presence of ketone bodies in the urine

Question 14

ketone bodies

Answer 14

acetone, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, and acetoacetic acid are products of metabolism that appear in the urine from the body’s abnormal use of carbohydrates, such as occurs in uncontrolled diabetes or starvation

Question 15

nocturia

Answer 15

urination at night

Question 16

oliguria

Answer 16

scanty production of urine

Question 17

polyuria

Answer 17

condition of excessive urination

Question 18

pyuria

Answer 18

presence of white cells (pus) in the urine, usually indicating infection

Question 19

urinary retention

Answer 19

retention of urine caused by an inability to void (urinate) naturally because of spasm or obstruction

Question 20

adult polycystic kidney disease (APKD)

Answer 20

inherited condition of multiple cysts that gradually form in the kidney, causing destruction of normal tissue that leads to renal failure; diagnosed in adults presenting with hypertension, kidney enlargement, and recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs)

Question 21

glomerulonephritis

Answer 21

form of nephritis involving the glomerulus

Question 22

hydronephrosis

Answer 22

pooling of urine in dilated areas of the renal pelvis and calices of one or both kidneys caused by an obstructed outflow of urine

Question 23

nephritis

Answer 23

inflammation of the kidney

Question 24

pyelonephritis

Answer 24

inflammation of the renal pelvis

Question 25

nephrosis

Answer 25

degenerative disease of the renal tubules

Question 26

nephrolithiasis

Answer 26

presence of a renal stone or stones (lith/o = stone)

Question 27

cystitis

Answer 27

inflammation of the bladder (Latin cystis, from Greek kystis "bladder, pouch")

Question 28

urethritis

Answer 28

inflammation of the urethra

Question 29

urethrocystitis

Answer 29

inflammation of the urethra and bladder

Question 30

urethral stenosis

Answer 30

narrowed condition of the urethra

Question 31

urinary tract infection (UTI)

Answer 31

invasion of pathogenic organisms (commonly bacteria) in the urinary tract, especially the urethra and bladder; symptoms include dysuria, urinary frequency, and malaise

Question 32

uremia

Answer 32

excess of urea and other nitrogenous waste in the blood caused by kidney failure

Question 33

azotemia

Answer 33

excess of urea and other nitrogenous waste in the blood caused by kidney failure