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World History > Chpt 4 The Age of Absolutism > Flashcards

Chpt 4 The Age of Absolutism Flashcards

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1
Q

What was King Charles V king of?

A

Spain and was the Holy Roman Emperor

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2
Q

When Charles V abdicated the throne, who did he leave Spain to?

A

His brother, Phillip

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3
Q

What did Phillip ll reign as?

A

An absolute monarch with a divine right to rule

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4
Q

What did Charles V’s brother Ferdinand rule?

A

Holy Roman Empire

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5
Q

Who defeated the Ottomans at the Battle of Lepanto?

A

Catholic Spain and Italy

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6
Q

Who was the Ottoman ruler at the time?

A

Sulluman

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7
Q

Who declared independence?

A

Dutch protestants

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8
Q

Who plundered Spanish treasure ships from America?

A

Sir Francis Drake, “Sea Dog”

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9
Q

In 1588 Phillip sent an armada to invade where and lost?

A

England

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10
Q

Which fleets surpassed Spanish power?

A

Dutch, English, and French

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11
Q

Who painted religious images and noble portraits?

A

El Greco

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12
Q

Who wrote Europe’s first modern novel, Don Quixote?

A

Miguel de Cervantes

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13
Q

What is a Huguenot?

A

A french protestant of the 1500s & 1600s

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14
Q

What happened at St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre?

A

Thousands of Huguenots were killed

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15
Q

What granted religious freedom to protestants?

A

The Edict of Nantes

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16
Q

What Huguenot inherited the throne and converted to catholicism?

A

Henry IV of France

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17
Q

What Chief minister destroyed the power of the Huguenots and nobles?

A

Louis Xlll

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18
Q

Who is known as the sun king?

A

Louis XlV

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19
Q

Who resolved to take complete control of the government himself?

A

Louis XlV

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20
Q

What class did Louis XlV appoint to government jobs?

A

Middle class

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21
Q

Who imposed mercantilist policies to make France the wealthiest state in Europe?

A

Jean Baptiste - Colbert

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22
Q

Symbol of royal power:

A

Versailles

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23
Q

Who competed for the honor of participating in the levee (rising)?

A

Noblemen

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24
Q

How did Louis XIV deplete the national treasury?

A

By engaging in foreign wars

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25
Q

What did Louis XIV revoke?

A

Edict of Nantes

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26
Q

Who frequently turned to support from parliament?

A

Henry Vlll

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27
Q

Who consulted and controlled parliament?

A

Elizabeth l

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28
Q

Who/what did James l clash with?

A

Parliament and Puritans

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29
Q

Who signed the Petition of Rights, but then dissolved the Parliament?

A

Charles l

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30
Q

Who executed Charles l chief ministers?

A

Parliament

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31
Q

When did Charles summon Parliament again?

A

When Calvinist Scotts revolted

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32
Q

Who ordered troops to arrest radical leaders in the House of Commons?

A

Charles l

33
Q

Who’s roundhead forces defeated the royal Cavalier’s troops?

A

Oliver Cromwell

34
Q

Who sentenced Charles l to be executed, proclaiming that no ruler can ignore the law?

A

Parliament

35
Q

Who called for representation for the poor and women?

A

The Levellers

36
Q

Who took the title of Lord Protector and ruled as a dictator?

A

Cromwell

37
Q

What was the Puritan’s goal?

A

To root out godlessness

38
Q

What did Puritans encourage?

A

Education to spread religious knowledge

39
Q

Who did the new parliament invite to return to England and restore the monarchy?

A

Charles ll

40
Q

Who practiced catholicism openly?

A

James ll

41
Q

Who was replaced in a bloodless overthrow, known as the Glorius Revolution?

A

James ll

42
Q

Who accepted the superiority of Parliament, habeas corpus, and trial by jury?

A

William and Mary

43
Q

What did the acceptance of the superiority of the Parliament establish?

A

Limited monarchy

44
Q

Who were believed to be the natural ruling class?

A

Landowners

45
Q

Who were the Tudors?

A

Henry Vlll
Edward Vl
Mary
Elizabeth l

46
Q

What did Britain become?

A

An oligarchy

47
Q

Who defeated the Bohemians?

A

The Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand l

48
Q

Who destroyed villages and crops, leading to depopulation?

A

Mercenaries

49
Q

Who accepted the total independence of all princes?

A

The Hapsburgs

50
Q

Who could not force Fredrick ll out of Silesia, but she reorganized bureaucracy and tax collection?

A

Maria Thersa

51
Q

Who gained the loyalty of Junkers?

A

Fredrick William l

52
Q

Who sparked the War of Austrian Succession?

A

Fredrick the Great (Fredrick William I)

53
Q

Who fought for control of German states?

A

Prussia and Austria

54
Q

Britain and France competed for what?

A

Oversea Empires

55
Q

Who adopted a policy of Westernization to incorporate Western ideas, technology, and culture into Russia?

A

Peter the Great

56
Q

Who ruled as an autocrat?

A

Peter the Great

57
Q

Who did Peter the Great become the head of?

A

Russian Orthodox Church

58
Q

Who did Peter the Great force to serve the state?

A

Boyars

59
Q

Who retained serfs on their land?

A

Nobles

60
Q

Who adopted mercantilist policies and executed those who resisted?

A

Peter the Great

61
Q

What became the new capital on land won from Sweden?

A

St. Petersburg

62
Q

Where did Peter the Great send explorers?

A

Across the Bering Straight

63
Q

Who embraced Western ideas but made conditions for serfs grow worse?

A

Cathrine the Great

64
Q

Who won a warm-water port from the Ottoman Empire?

A

Russia

65
Q

What was partitioned between Russia, Prussia, and Austria?

A

Poland

66
Q

A form of government in which a ruler has complete authority over the government & lives of the people he/she governs

A

Absolute monarchy

67
Q

Fleet of ships

A

Armada

68
Q

Having unlimited power

A

Autocratic

69
Q

Distribution of military & economic power that prevents any one nation from becoming too strong

A

Balance of power

70
Q

Landowning noble in Russia under the tsars

A

Boyars

71
Q

A government whose power is defined & limited by law

A

Constitutional government

72
Q

Idea that a ruler’s authority came directly from God

A

Divine right

73
Q

Law issued by French king Henry IV in 1598 giving more religious freedom to French protestants

A

Edict of Nantes

74
Q

Series of acts passed in 1689 by the English Parliament limited the rights of the monarchy & ensured the superiority of the Parliament

A

English Bill of Rights

75
Q

Morning ritual during which nobles would wait upon French king Louis XIV

A

Levee

76
Q

A division into pieces

A

Partition

77
Q

royal French residence & seat of government by King Luis XIV

A

Versailles

78
Q

Series of wars where various European nations competed for power in Central Europe after the death of Hapsburg emperor Charles VI

A

War of the Austrian Succession

79
Q

Port that is free of ice year-round

A

Warm-water port

World History (5 decks)

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