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AP World History > Chpt 3 and 4 > Flashcards

Chpt 3 and 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Iron Age

A

The age an which iron is used for tools and weapons instead of bronze

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2
Q

Hittites

A

Speakers of an Indo-European language who became the foremost power in Anatolia from 1700 to 1200 B.C.E

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3
Q

Hatshepsut

A

Female Pharaoh, who thought of herself as male

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4
Q

Akhenaten

A

“beneficial to Aten” closed temple of other Gods, challenging the age-old supremacy of the chief god Amon

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5
Q

Ramsses II

A

Ramsses the Great ruled for 66 years

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6
Q

Minoan Civilization

A

Located on Crete, had centralized government, monumental building , bronze metallurgy, writing, record keeping

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7
Q

Mycenae

A

Southern Greece, Odyssey and Iliad spoke of Agamemnon, king of Mycenae

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8
Q

Shaft Graves

A

Discovered at Mycenae, a circle of graves, containing bodies of men, women, and children

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9
Q

Linear B

A

Mycenaean writing script

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10
Q

Neo-Assyrian Empire

A

Chief force for change, powerful and agressive

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11
Q

Mass Deportation

A

forcibly uprooting entire communities and resettling them elswhere

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12
Q

Library of Ashurbanipal

A

contained more than 25000 tablets/fragments of tablets

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13
Q

Israel

A

Land of the Israelites

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14
Q

Hebrew Bibe

A

Called the old Testament by Christians, compilation of several collections of materials that originated with different groups, employed distinctive vocabularies, and advocated particular interpretations of past events.

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15
Q

First Temple

A

strengthened the link between religious and secular authority

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16
Q

Monotheism

A

Belief In one God

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17
Q

Diaspora

A

Scattering of Jews from homeland

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18
Q

Phoenicians

A

Referred to as Canaanites, created alphabet and expanded into the Meditteranean

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19
Q

Carthage

A

Phoenician colony which was largely commercial in the Mediterranean

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20
Q

Neo-Babylonian Kingdom

A

Underwent cultural renaissance, enlarged and adorned

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21
Q

Cyrus

A

Son of persian chieftain and Median princess who placed Medes and Persians in positions of responsibility and retained framework of Median Rule

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22
Q

Darius I

A

Seized Persian throne, extended Persian control eastward as far as Indus Valley and westward into Europe

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23
Q

Satrap

A

What the twenty provinces of Persia were called, also known as the governors who ruled those Satraps

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24
Q

Persepolis

A

Treasure and Fortification Texts, inscribed in Elamite Cuneiform showed that gov’t officials distributed food and other essential commodities to large numbers of workers of many different nationalities

25
Q

Zoroastrianism

A

Persian Religion, god is Ahuramazda

26
Q

Polis

A

Greek City-State

27
Q

Hoplites

A

Heavily armored infantry men who fought in close formation

28
Q

Tyrant

A

Mid-seventh and sixth centuries individual tyrant held power of city-state

29
Q

Democracy

A

exercise of political power by all free adult males

30
Q

Sacrifice

A

central ritual of Greek religion

31
Q

Herodotus

A

published his histories, writer

32
Q

Pericles

A

evolved Athenian democracy, transferring all power to the Assemble, council of 500, and People’s Courts.

33
Q

Persian Wars

A

failed revolt/uprising led to this war of Greek vs. Persia, Greek won using naval strategy

34
Q

Trireme

A

Sleek, fast vessel powered by 170 rowers, premier warship

35
Q

Socrates

A

Famous Greek philosopher

36
Q

Peloponnesian War

A

nightmarish struggle for survival between the Athenian and Spartan alliance systems

37
Q

Alexandar

A

came to be known as Alexander The Great, conquered vast amount of places

38
Q

Hellenistic Age

A

Ushered by the conquests of Alexander the Great, the spread of Greek culture

39
Q

Ptolemies

A

dynasty that ruled Egypt and sometimes laid claim to adjacent Syria-Palestine

40
Q

Alexandria

A

First of the new cities laid out by Alexander, located near to the westernmost branch of the Nile runs into the Mediterranean Sea

41
Q

Roman Republic

A

507-31 B.C.E, not a democracy, but all male citizens were eligible to vote, but richer men got their votes counted more

42
Q

Roman Senate

A

Real central power, technically an advisory council first to kings and later to annually changing Republican officials

43
Q

Patron/client Relationships

A

Complex ties of obligations which bound together individuals and families

44
Q

Roman Principate

A

period following Roman Republic

45
Q

Augustus

A

One of many honorific titles that the Roman Senate gave Octavian

46
Q

Equites

A

Class of well-to-do Italian Merchants and landowners, second in wealth and social class

47
Q

Pax Romana

A

Period of peace in Rome

48
Q

Romanization

A

spread of Latin language and Roman way of life

49
Q

Jesus

A

young carpenter from Galilee region in northern Israel

50
Q

Paul

A

Jew from city of Tarsus in SE Anatolia converted to new creed, and spread word

51
Q

Aqueducts

A

long elevated or underground conduits which carried water to city

52
Q

3rd Century Crisis

A

period from 235 to 284 B.C.E when political, military, and economic problems beset and nearly destroyed Roman Empire

53
Q

Constantine

A

Reunited the entire empire under his sole rule

54
Q

Byzantine Empire

A

derived from Constantinople’s original name, came into use in the Eastern Empire

55
Q

Qin

A

Warring state that become China’s first empire

56
Q

Shi Huangdi

A

Qin Empire barely survived the death of its founder, the Shi Huangdi

57
Q

Han

A

power passed to the dynasty, which ruled China from 206 b.c.e to 220 c.e

58
Q

Chang’an

A

surrounded by wall of pounded earth and brick 15 miles, bustling place filled with many people

59
Q

Gentry

A

the class in china next in wealth below aristocrats

AP World History (4 decks)

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