Chpt 17 Flashcards
What is scheduling?
- Last stage of planning before production occurs
- Specifies when labor, equipment, and facilities are needed to
produce a product or provide a service
What is staff scheduling?
Assigns qualified workers to standardize shift patterns (accounting leave requests/scheduling conflicts)
What is schedule bidding?
Schedule bidding allows workers to post and trade schedules with others as long as coverage and skill criteria are met.
What is schedule optimization?
Creates demand-driven forecasts of labour requirements & assigns workers to variable schedules that change dynamically
What is loading in scheduling?
Loading is the process of assigning work to limited resources.
What is the assignment method?
The assignment method is a specialized linear programming solution procedure for deciding which worker to assign to a task, or which job to assign to a machine.
What is sequencing in scheduling?
Sequencing is the process of prioritizing jobs and determining the processing order.
What are Gantt charts used for?
Gantt charts can be used to monitor a job’s progress against the plan.
What is finite scheduling?
Finite scheduling loads jobs in priority order and delays those jobs for which current capacity is exceeded.
What is the theory of constraints?
The theory of constraints is a finite scheduling approach that schedules bottleneck resources first and then schedules other resources to support the bottleneck schedule.
What is employee scheduling?
Employee scheduling is often difficult because of the variety of options available and the special requirements for individual workers.
What capabilities does employee scheduling software provide?
Scheduling software assigns qualified workers to standardize shift patterns, allows workers to bid on certain shifts, and creates demand-driven forecasts of labour requirements.
What is advanced planning and scheduling (APS)?
A software system that uses intelligent analytical tools and techniques to develop realistic schedules.
What is a dispatch list?
A list of orders released to the shop that specifies the sequence in which jobs should be processed.
What is drum-buffer-rope?
The concept that the drum sets the pace of production, a buffer is placed before the bottleneck, and a rope communicates changes.
What is finite scheduling?
A scheduling technique that sequences jobs as part of the loading decision. Resources are never loaded beyond capacity.
What is flow time?
The time that it takes for a job to flow through the system.
What are Gantt charts?
Charts that show both planned and completed activities against a time scale.
What are genetic algorithms?
Rules that generate possible solutions based on genetic combinations of previous solutions.
What is infinite scheduling?
A scheduling technique that loads without regard to capacity, then levels the load and sequences the jobs.
What is input/output (I/O) control?
A method that monitors the input and output from each work centre.
What is Johnson’s rule? What are the 4 steps?
A sequencing rule that gives an optimal sequence for jobs processed serially through two processes.
1. List time required/job. Set up one-dimensional matrix
2. Select smallest processing time in either process
3. If the smallest time is in Process 2, put it near to end
4. Remove job from list
5. Repeat steps 2-4 until all slots are filled
What is load levelling?
The process of smoothing out the work assigned.
What is loading?
- The process of assigning work to limited resources.
- Perform work with most efficient resources.
- Use assignment method of linear programming to determine allocation.
What is makespan?
The time that it takes for a group of jobs to be completed.
What are manufacturing execution systems (MES)?
Manufacturing software that monitors operations, collects data, and controls processes on the shop floor.
What is production (activity) control? (PAC)
The scheduling and monitoring of day-to-day production in a job shop, usually performed by the production control department.
1. LOADING, 2. SEQUENCING, 3. MONITORING
What is sequencing?
A process that prioritizes jobs that have been assigned to a resource. (in which order to produce)
What is tardiness?
The difference between the late job’s due date and its completion time.
What is the theory of constraints?
A finite scheduling approach that concentrates on scheduling the bottleneck resource.
What is a work package?
Shop paperwork that travels with a job.
Name 4 types of scheduled operations
- Process industry (linear, EOQ)
- Mass production (assembly-line balancing)
- Project - scheduling techniques (PERT/CPM)
- Batch production - Aggregate planning, master scheduling, (MRP), (CRP)
