Chp 7 Flashcards
Culture-bound syndromes
Disorders that are specific to particular cultural contexts
Projective tests
Psychological tests used to infer a person’s motives, conflicts, and unconscious dynamics on the basis of the person’s interpretations of ambiguous stimuli.
Objective tests (inventories)
Standardized objective questionnaires requiring written responses; they typically include scales on which people are asked to rate themselves.
Panic disorder
An anxiety disorder in which a person experiences recurring panic attacks, periods of intense fear, as feelings of impending doom or death, accompanied by physiological symptoms such as rapid heart rate and dizziness.
Phobia
An exaggerated, unrealistic fear of a specific situation, activity or object.
Agoraphobia
A set of phobias, often set off by a panic attack, involving the basic fear of being away from a safe person or place
Obsessive compulsive disorder
A disorder in which a person feels trapped in repetitive, persistent thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive ritualized behaviours (compulsions) designed to reduce anxiety.
Major depression
A mood disorder involving disturbances in emotion (excessive sadness), behaviour, (loss of interest in ones usual activities), cognition (thoughts of hopelessness) and body function (fatigue and loss of appetite)
Bipolar disorder
A mood disorder in which episodes of both depression mania (excessive euphoria) occur.
Vulnerability-Stress Models
Approaches that emphasize how individual vulnerabilities interact with external stresses or circumstances to produce mental disorders.
Psychopathy
A personality disorder characterized by a lack of remorse, empathy, anxiety, and other social emotions; the use of deceit and manipulation; and impressive thrill seeking.
Anti social personality disorder
A disorder characterized by a life long pattern of irresponsible, anti social behaviour such as law breaking, violence and other impulsive reckless acts.
Dissociative identity disorder
A controversial disorder marked by the apparent appearance within one person of two or more distinct personalities each with its own name and traits; formerly known as multiple personality disorder.
Psychosis
An extreme mental disturbance involving distorted perceptions and irrational behaviour; it may have psychological or organic causes.
Schizophrenia spectrum disorder:
A psychotic disorder marked by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized, and incoherent speech, inappropriate behaviour, and cognitive impairments.
