Chapter 2

Question 1

Confabulation

Answer 1

Confusion of an event that happened to someone else with one that happened to you, or a belief that you remember something when it never actually happened.

3 conditions:
1) you have thought, heard or told others about the imagined event many times
2) the image of the event contains lots of details to make it feel real
3( the event is easy to imagine

Question 2

Explicit memory

Answer 2

Conscious, intentional recollection of an event or of an item of information

Question 3

Recall

Answer 3

The ability to retrieve and reproduce from memory previously encountered material

Question 4

Implicit memory

Answer 4

Unconscious retention in memory as evidenced by the effect of a previous experience information on current thoughts or actions.

Question 5

Recognition

Answer 5

The ability to identify previously encountered material.

Question 6

Priming

Answer 6

A method for measuring implicit memory in which a person reads or listens to information and is later tested to see whether the information affects performance on another type of task.

Question 7

Priming

Answer 7

A method for measuring retention that compares the time required to relearn material with the time used in the initial learning of the material

Question 8

Relearning method

Answer 8

A method for measuring retention that compares the time required to relearn the material with the time used in the initial learning of new material

Question 9

Sensory register

Answer 9

A memory system that momentarily preserves extremely accurate images of sensory information

Question 10

Short term memory (Stm)

Answer 10

A limited-capacity memory system involved in the retention of information for brief periods, used to hold information retrieved from long term memory for temporary use.

Question 11

Working memory

Answer 11

a cognitively complex form of short term memory that involves active mental processes that control retrieval of information from long term memory and interpret that information accordingly for given tasks.

Question 12

Ltm: Long Term Memory

Answer 12

Long term storage of information

Question 13

Procedural Memories

Answer 13

Memories for the performance of actions or skills (knowing how)

Question 14

Declarative memories

Answer 14

Memories of facts and rules, concepts, and events (knowing that) they include semantic and episodic memories.

Question 15

Semantic memories

Answer 15

Memories of general knowledge, facts, rules, concepts

Question 16

Episodic memories

Answer 16

Memories of personally experienced events and the contexts in which they occurred.

Question 17

Maintenance Rehearsal

Answer 17

Repetition of material in order to maintain its availability in memory.

Question 18

Elaborating Rehearsal

Answer 18

Association of new information with already stored knowledge and analysis of the new information to make it memorable

Question 19

Deep processing

Answer 19

In the encoding of information the processing of meaning rather than simply the physical or sensory features of a stimulus.

Question 20

Decay theory

Answer 20

The theory that information in memory eventually disappears if it’s not accessed (apples more to stm)

Question 21

Retroactive interference

Answer 21

Forgetting that occurs when recently learned material interferes with the ability to remember similar material stored previously

Question 22

Pro active interference

Answer 22

Forgetting that occurs when previously stored information interferes with the ability to remember similar, more recently learned material.

Question 23

Cue-dependent forgetting

Answer 23

Inability to retrieve information stored in memory because of insufficient cues for recall

Question 24

State-dependent memory

Answer 24

The tendency to remember something when the rememberer is in the same physical or mental state as during the original learning experience

Question 25

Mood-congruent memory

Answer 25

The tendency to remember experiences that are consistent with ones current mood and overlook or forget experiences that are not

Question 26

Amnesia

Answer 26

The partial or complete loss of memory for important personal information

Question 27

Repression

Answer 27

Psychoanalytic: the selective, involuntary pushing of threatening or upsetting information into unconscious.

Question 28

Childhood amnesia

Answer 28

Not remembering things that happened in the first 2 years of life

Question 29

Source misattribution

Answer 29

The inability to distinguish an actual memory of an event from information you learned about the events elsewhere.