chp 6. Flashcards
Health
The sage of complete physical, mental and social well being, not simply the absence of disease or infirmity
Aspects of well being
- having a healthy diet
- taking regular exercise and feeling physically fit
- spending lots of time doing things you enjoy
- feeling good about yourself
- getting on well with your family
- spending lots of time with friends
- having a boyfriend
Key terms ) physical health and well being
Being well in the body and free from injuries and illness
Key terms) mental health and well-being
Feeling well in the mind, with a positive outlook and a sense of your own value
Social health and well-being
A positive sense of involvement with family, friends and others in the community
Overall factors
Free from illness
Injury
Healthy diet
Regular exercise
Feeling fit
Physical factors
Improved fitness, healthy diet and regular exercise
Mental factors
High self esteem, feeling motivated, coping with stress and emotions
Social factors
Friendships, feeling motivated, coping well with stress and controlling emotions
Improved fitness definition
Increases your cardiovascular endurance
Healthy diet definition
Helps you lose weight if you are overweight
Regular exercise definition
Develops body shape and positive body image
High self esteem definition
Improves your approach to tasks and general confidence
Feeling motivated definition
Helps you to be active and to feel good about yourself
Coping well with stress definition
Stops you feeling anxious or depressed
Friendships definition
Encourages interaction with others, helps you have fun
Being part of a team or club
Helps you make new friends and work to a common goal, gives sense of belonging
Getting on well with family
Instils a positive attitude towards cooperating with others
Fitness
The ability to cope with the demands of the environment
Exercise
A form of physical activity that maintains or improves health and fitness
Fitness
The ability to cope with ( or meet ) the demands of the environment
Performance
How well a task is completed
Ex when fitness is decreased
health strikes, injury (sports) , illness and accidents
Ex to maintain fitness
living a healthy, active lifestyle
eating a balanced diet
avoiding habits that reduce fitness
What are the main nutrients
Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals
Why is water essential
Transporte nutrients to cells and assists in removing waste products from the body
Nutrients
The substance in food that our bodies process in order to survive and grow
Carbohydrates
The sugars, starches and fibres found in fruits, grains, vegetables and milk products. The body’s main source of energy is
Fats
An essential part of our diet and a rich source of energy. 1 gram of fat contains 9 calories (compared with only 4 calories in a gram of protein or carbohydrate
Proteins
the building block of life found in every cell in the human body; made up of a chain of smaller units called amino acids; help your body to repair cells and make new ones
Ex of carbohydrates
Fruits, breads and grains, starchy vegetables
potatoes, sugars, pasta and rice
Function of carbohydrates and how much energy is provision
Up to 55% of our energy intake
Provide the body’s main source of fuel, needed for physical activity, brain function and operation of the organs also provides fibre which helps regulate digestion
Ex of fats
Red meats, butter, cooking oils, cheese and bacon
Function of fats
Up to 30% of our energy intake
Supply highly concentrated source of energy that you can store in your body for later use
Ex of proteins
Low fat meat such as chicken
Dairy, beans, eggs and fish
Function of proteins
Up to 15% of our energy intake
Help body cells grow. Repairs cells and muscles tissue
Water Ex of
Drinks , foods with a high water content such as soups and watermelon
Function of water
Transports nutrients to cells
Assists in removing waste products from the body
Helps maintain body temperature
Particular diets
Children require more protein
Health conditions
Desire or need to lose or gain weight
Religious or cultural reasons
Regime in sport
Different factors that affect on the energy you need
- age
- gender
- lifestyle
what happens if you if you take in a lot more energy than we need
If we take in a lot more than we need, the unused energy is stored in the body as fat. In the long term this can lead to obesity. Health problems such as high blood pressure, liver diseases, diabetes, heart disease, stroke and cancer
What happens if you take too little nourishments
Can lead to a person becoming underweight not getting enough nutrients to stay healthy. Can contribute to a weakened immune system, fragile bones and feeling tired
What does red mean for food labels
It’s high in ..
what does amber mean in food labels
Médium
What does green mean in food labels
Low
Where is carbohydrate transported too
By the bloodstream to the various tissues and organs, including the muscle and brain.
What do the muscle cells do
The muscle cells release energy from glucose in a process called respiration
What happens if the body doesn’t need glucose
The body will store it in the liver and skeletal muscle in a form of glycogen
What is carbohydrate loading
This involves eating eating excess carbohydrates food one week before an event increases glycogen stored in the muscles. This helps to delay tiredness by providing slow release of energy
Which types of athletes do carbohydrates loading
Endurance athletes such as marathon runners, cyclists , swimmers and rowers
High protein diet
Gain muscle or lose fat. However eating extra protein does not directly add muscle, and it can be difficult to digest.
Which types of athletes do high protein diet
Bodybuilders
Which sports might reduce their calorie intake before a performance
Gymnasts , diving , horse reading they do this to maximise body lightness and litheneee
Why is water an essential
It’s important to keep hydrated, especially when exercising to replace what the body has lost through sweating. It also helps to maintain body temperature in the body
Carbohydrates digested to make
Glucose
Glucose passes into the
Blood
Blood carries it (glucose ) to the
Muscles
Excess glucose is stored as
Glycogen
Glycogen is broken down to provide
Energy
