Chp 5

Question 1

Developmental Psychology

Answer 1

A branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive and social change throughout the life span

Question 2

Three issues of developmental psychology

Answer 2

Nature vs. Nurture
Continuity vs. Stages
Stability vs. Change

Question 3

Teratogens

Answer 3

latin for “monster maker” agents that can harm a developing fetus

Question 4

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Answer 4

physical and cognitive abnormalities caused by drinking while pregnant.

Question 5

Habituation

Answer 5

Decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation

Question 6

maturation

Answer 6

biological growth process that enables orderly changes in behavior

Question 7

cognition

Answer 7

thinking, knowing, remembering, communicating

Question 8

assimilation

Answer 8

interpret news experiences in terms of exisitng schemas (Ex toddler thinks everything is a dog)

Question 9

schema

Answer 9

a concept or framework that organizes and interprets new infomration

Question 10

accomodation

Answer 10

adapting current schemas to incorperate new info

Question 11

sensorimotor stage

Answer 11

experience the world through senses and actions (Birth- 2yrs)

Question 12

Preoperational

Answer 12

represent things with words and images; intuitive rather than logical reasoning (2yrs-6yrs)

Question 13

Concrete operational

Answer 13

Thinking logically about concrete events (7yrs-11yrs)

Question 14

formal operational

Answer 14

abstract reasoning (12yrs-adulthood)

Question 15

Piaget’s Stages

Answer 15

Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete operational
Formal operational 
(SPCF)  (stingy penguins count fish)

Question 16

object perminance

Answer 16

the awareness that things continue to exists even when not perceived

Question 17

egocentrism

Answer 17

a child’s difficulty taking another person’s viewpoint

Question 18

theory of mind

Answer 18

peoples ideas about their own and others mental states.

Question 19

Lev Vygotsky

Answer 19

Thinks child’s mind growth through social interaction (piaget thinks it grows through physical interaction)

Question 20

attachment

Answer 20

an emotional tie with another person; shown in children by seeking closeness with caregiver and showing distress on separation

Question 21

critical period

Answer 21

an optimal period early in life when exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces normal development

Question 22

self concept

Answer 22

our understanding and evaluation of who we are

Question 23

Preconventional morality

Answer 23

before age 9- self intrest; obey rules to avoid puishmne or gain concrete reward.

Question 24

Preconventional morality

Answer 24

before age 9- self interest; obey rules to avoid punishment or gain concrete reward.

Question 25

conventional morality

Answer 25

early adolescence- uphold laws and rules to gain social approval or maintain social order.

Question 26

post concentional

Answer 26

adolescence and beyond- actions reflect basic rights and self-defined ethical principles.

Question 27

erikson's stages of psychosocial development

Answer 27

``` Trust vs mistrust(infant-1yr) Autonomy vs shame (1yr-3yrs) initiative vs guilt(3yrs-6yrs) competence vs inferiority(6yrs to puberty) identity vs role confusion(teen years-20s) intimacy vs isolation(20s-40s) generativity vs stagnation(40s-60s) integrity vs despair (60s -death) ``` TMASIGCIIRIIGSID (Ted meets a small, intellegent, green creature in India right inside Isaac's Great Scientific information dome()

Question 28

identity

Answer 28

our sense of self

Question 29

trust vs mistrust

Answer 29

erikson's first stage: develop sense of basic trust)

Question 30

autonomy vs shame

Answer 30

erikson's second stage: toddlers learn to exercise their will and do things for themselves, or doubt their abilities

Question 31

Initiative vs guilt

Answer 31

eriksons third stage: preschoolers learn to initiate tasks and carry out plans, or they feel guilty about their efforts to be independent

Question 32

competence vs inferiority

Answer 32

eriksons fourth stage: children learns the pleasure of applying themselves to tasks or they feel inferior

Question 33

identity vs role ocnfusion

Answer 33

erikson's fifth stage: teenager work at refining their sense of self by testing roles and integrating them to form a single identity or become confused about who they are

Question 34

intimacy vs isolation

Answer 34

erikson's sixth stage: young adults struggle to form close relationships to gain the capacity for intimate love, or they feel socially isolated

Question 35

generativity vs stagnation

Answer 35

Erikson seventh stage: in middle age, people discover a sense of contributing to the world usually through family and work or they may feel a lack of purpose

Question 36

integrity vs despair

Answer 36

erikson's eighth stage: reflecting on his or her life, an older adult may feel a sense of satisfaction or failure.

Question 37

social clock

Answer 37

the culturally preferred timing of social events such as marriage parenthood and retirement