Chp 35 - Site Work

Question 1

Soil

Answer 1

used to describe the material that supports a building.

Question 2

[ SPT ] Standard Penetration Test

Answer 2

is the measure of the density of granular soils and the consistency of some clays.

Question 3

Test Pits (Open pits)

Answer 3

are trenches dug at the job site that allow visual inspection of the soil strata and direct collection of undisturbed samples.

Question 4

Auger Borings

Answer 4

raise samples of the soil by using a standard auger bit.

Question 5

Wash Borings

Answer 5

made with a 2” to 4” diameter pipe thru which a water jet forces up the soil material .

Question 6

Soil Load Tests

Answer 6

involves building a platform on the site, placing incremental loads on it, and observing the amount of settlement during given time periods until settlement becomes regular after repeated loading.

Question 7

Water Table

Answer 7

foundations below the groundwater line (water table), are subjected to hydrostatic pressure.

Question 8

Drainage

Answer 8

Can increase the strength of the soil and prevent hydrostatic pressure.

Question 9

Fill

Answer 9

Undesirable existing soil is removed and new engineered fill is brought in.

Question 10

Compaction

Answer 10

Sometimes existing soil can simply be compacted to provide the required base for construction.

Question 11

Densification

Answer 11

On-site compaction of existing material involving vibration, dropping of heavy weights, or pounding piles into the ground and filling the voids with sand.

Question 12

Surcharging

Answer 12

The preloading of the ground with fill material to cause consolidation and settlement of the underlying soil before building.

Question 13

Mixing

Answer 13

A layer of sand/gravel can be mixed on less stable soil, improving the soils bearing capacity.

Question 14

Earthwork

Answer 14

includes excavating soil for the construction of a building foundation, water and sewer lines, and other buried items as well as modifying the sites land contours.

Question 15

Excavation

Answer 15

is the removal of soil to allow construction of foundations and other permanent features below the finished level of the grade.

Question 16

Trenching

Answer 16

narrow, long excavation done for pipping or for narrow footings and foundations walls.

Question 17

Grading

Answer 17

is the modification of the contours of the site according to the grading plan.

Question 18

Finish Grading

Answer 18

final moving of soil prior to landscaping or paving.

Question 19

Underpinning

Answer 19

temporarily supporting existing foundations while while they are being repaired or strengthened

Question 20

Water Table

Answer 20

level below which the soil is saturated with groundwater.

Question 21

Deadman

Answer 21

is a timber object placed perpendicular to the face of the retaining wall and that serves to anchor the wall by means of earth friction or pressure.