chp 3 Motor Control: Developmental Aspects of Motor Control in Skill Acquistion

Question 1

Maturational theory

Answer 1

Maturational theroy- neural maturation and neural structure to functional dependence linear development of motor skills following neural maturation. Childs problem area intial brain damage and altered nest ural maturation. When PT comes he tests for motor delay and neural maturation levels. PT intervention would be falicitation of development following neural developmental pathway

Learning Theroy: trial and error method exsistence of a motor program with the development of frocing and timing parameters Development based on the exposure to motor skills. Problem becomes when there is a lack of exposure. Tests focused on to do certain tasks and intervention wise PT Practice of specfic skills with feedback control for best motor learning

Dynamic Systems- Interaction of body and enviroment. emergence of behaviors depedent on task and enviorment and it follows a nonlinear development. Children probelms difficulty using enviormental affordances. Frequent assessment to determine developmental delay: test focused on observation of problem solving in typical enviroments. PT intervention movement exploration in multiple enviromental circumstances

Schema Theroy: the rules and regulations or parameters to our movement patterns. They are developed and shaped by trial and error and see if we get our desired results our not. There are two types the “movement outcomes” which is recall schema and then there is recognition schema which is sensory consequences.

Question 2

What are Central Pattern Generators

Answer 2

commonly defined neural pathways that can house stored info and find info in seconds and produce a motor pattern and not even need the peripheral input and can be pulled from the CNS at anytime and control things like chewing breathing and walking talking etc..

Question 3

Sensory Organization Test or SOT

Not till about 2 to 10 years does the vision truly come into contact

Somatosensory 7-10 years adult like ability to use somatosensory

Vestibular 12-16 where it truly matures

Answer 3

condtion one floor stable eyes open.

2. floor stable eyes closed somatosensory and vestibular providing clues
3. floor stable visual surrodings move. with body sway vestibular and somatosensory providing clues
4. floor moves with body sway visual remains stable strictly testing vision asnd vestibular providing clues
5. floor moves with with body sway eyes closed vestibular providing only cues
6. floor and visual move with body sway and vestibular providing accurate clues.

Question 4

REACHING ABILITIES

newborn developmental sequence

7 week

12 weeks

12-18 weeks

19 weeks

31 weeks

5-9 months

Answer 4

newborn- arm movments appear to be purposeful
and spaitally temporally structured

7 weeks- rate of reaching briefly decreases infants seem more interested in looking at objects

12 weeks- frequency of reaching increases infants determine realstic reaching distances

12-18 weeks - acquire skill in aiming and reaching
infants can contact a moving object at 90 percent of trials

19 weeks- reaches equal that of adults

31 weeks - first movement unit is longer and function as the transport unit similair to adults

5-9 months - variablity in reaching and movement units while reaching for a stationairy object