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Med Term > Chp 3 - Integumentary > Flashcards

Chp 3 - Integumentary Flashcards

1
Q

The integumentary system consists of ______

A

the skin and its accessory organs: the hair, nails, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands

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2
Q

homeostasis

A

the stable internal environment of the body

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3
Q

adip/o

A

fat

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4
Q

adip/o/cele

A

hernia containing fat or fatty tissue

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5
Q

lip/o/cyte

A

fat cell

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6
Q

steat/itis

A

inflammation of fatty tissue

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7
Q

cutane/o

A

skin

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8
Q

cutane/ous

A

pertaining to the skin

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9
Q

dermat/o/logist

A

physician specializing in treating skin disorders

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10
Q

-ous

A

pertaining to

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11
Q

hypo/derm/ic

A

under or inserted under the skin

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12
Q

hidr/o

A

sweat

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13
Q

hidr/aden/itis

A

inflammation of a sweat gland

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14
Q

aden

A

gland

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15
Q

sudor/esis

A

condition of profuse sweating

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16
Q

-esis

A

condition

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17
Q

ichthy/o

A

dry, scaly

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18
Q

ichthy/osis

A

any of several dermatologic conditions characterized by noninflammatory dryness and scaling of the skin and commonly associated with other abnormalities of lipid metabolism

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19
Q

kerat/o

A

horney tissue; hard; cornea

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20
Q

kerat/osis

A

any condition of the skin characterized by an overgrowth and thickening of the skin

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21
Q

melan/o

A

black

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22
Q

melan/oma

A

malignant tumor of melanocytes that commonly begins in a darkly pigmented mole and can metastasize widely

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23
Q

myc/o

A

fungus (plural: fungi)

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24
Q

dermat/o/myc/osis

A

fungal infection of the skin

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25
Q

onych/o

A

nail

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26
Q

onych/o/malacia

A

abnormal softening of the skin

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27
Q

pil/o trich/o

A

hair

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28
Q

pil/o/mid/al

A

growth of hair in a dermoid cyst or in a sinus opening on the skin

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29
Q

nid

A

nest

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30
Q

A ___________ commonly develops in the sacral region (fourth segment of the lower spinal column) of the skin. The cystic tumor contains elements derived from the ectoderm, such as hair, skin, sebum, or teeth.

A

pilonidal cyst

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31
Q

trich/o/pathy

A

any disease of the hair

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32
Q

scler/o

A

hardening sclera (white of the eye)

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33
Q

scler/o/derma

A

chronic disease with abnormal hardening of the skin caused by formation of new collagen

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34
Q

seb/o

A

sebum sebaceous

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35
Q

seb/o/rrhea

A

increase in the amount and, commonly, an alteration of the quality of the fats secreted by the sebaceous glands

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36
Q

squam/o

A

scale

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37
Q

squam/ous

A

covered with scales or scalelike

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38
Q

xer/o

A

dry

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39
Q

xer/o/derma

A

chronic skin condition characterized by excessive roughness and dryness

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40
Q

-oid

A

resembling

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41
Q

derm/oid

A

resembling skin

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42
Q

-phoresis

A

carrying transmission

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43
Q

dia/phoresis

A

condition of profuse sweating, also called sudoresis and hyperhidrosis

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44
Q

dermat/o/plasty

A

surgical repair of the skin

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45
Q

-therapy

A

treatment

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46
Q

cry/o

A

cold

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47
Q

cry/o/therapy

A

treatment using cold as a destructive medium

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48
Q

The skin is considered an _________.

A

organ

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49
Q

The skin is composed of two layers of tissue: the ______ _______, which is visible to the naked eye, and the inner layer, the _________.

A

epidermis dermis

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50
Q

The epidermis forms the protective covering of the body and does not have a ______ or a _______ _______.

A

blood nerve supply It is dependent on the dermis’s network of capillaries for nourishment. As oxygen and nutrients flow out of the capillaries in the dermis, they pass through tissue fluid, supplying nourishment ot the deeper layers off the epidermis.

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51
Q

Although the epidermis is composed of serveral layers, the ____________ and the ________ _______ are of greatest importance.

A

stratum basal layer The stratum corneum is composed of dead, flat cells. Its thickness is correlated with normal wear of the area it covers. Only the basal layer is composed of living cells. It is where new cells are continuously reproduced.

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52
Q

As new cells form in the _______ _______, they move toward the _________ _________. Eventually, they die and become filled with a hard protein material called __________. The relatively waterproof characteristic of _____________ prevents body fluids for evaporating and moisture for entering the body.

A

basal layer stratum corneum keratin keratin

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53
Q

These ___________ cells gradually flake away and are replaced in a continuous cycle. The entire process by which a cell forms in the _______ ________, rises to the surface, becomes __________, and sloughs off takes about ______ month

A

keratinized basal layer one

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54
Q

lip/o

A

fat

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55
Q

steat/o

A

fat

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56
Q

dermat/o derm/o

A

skin

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57
Q

sudor/o

A

sweat

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58
Q

dia/phor/esis

A

condition of profuse sweating

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59
Q

hyper/hidr/osis

A

condition of profuse sweating

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60
Q

The dermis contains the ________ _______, _______ (____) ________, and _________ (_______) gland

A

hair follicle sebaceous (oil) gland sudoriferous (sweat) gland

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61
Q

melan/o/cyte

A

in the basal layer, specialized cells, called __________, produce a black pigment called melanin. Production of melanin increase with exposure to strong UV light.

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62
Q

albin/ism

A

deficiency or absence of pigment in the skin, eyes, and hair is most likely due to an inherited inability to produce melanin.

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63
Q

lip/ectomy lip/o/suction

A

excision of fat

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64
Q

-y

A

condition or process “-logy”

65
Q

scler/osis

A

abnormal condition of hardening

66
Q

scler/o/derma

A

chronic hardening and thickening of the skin caused by new collagen formation. It is characterized by inflammation that ultimately develops into fibrosis (scarring), then sclerosis (hardening) of tissues.

67
Q

fibrosis

A

scarring

68
Q

system/ic scler/osis

A

characterized by formation of thickened collagenous fibrous tissue, thickening of the skin, and adhesion to underlying tissues. The disease progresses to involve tissues of the heart, lungs, muscles, genit/o/urin/ary tract and kidneys.

69
Q

kerat/osis

A

a skin condition characterized by hard, horny tissue.

70
Q

A person with a skin lesion in which there is an overgrowth and thickening of the epidermis most likely would be diagnosed with _________.

A

kerat/osis

71
Q

kerat/oma

A

horny tumor also called karat/osis

72
Q

sebaceous

A

oil-secreating glands of the skin

73
Q

sudoriferous

A

sweat glands

74
Q

sebum

A

oily material secreted by the sebaceous glands. It keeps hair and skin soft and pliable and inhibits growth of bacteria on the skin.

75
Q

glands found in all areas of the body that have hair

A

sebaceous glands

76
Q

comedos

A

increased activity of sebaceous glands at puberty may block the hair follicle and form blackheads. The medical term for blackheads is ___________.

77
Q

pustules

A

As bacteria feed of the sebum, they release irritating substances that produce inflammation. Large numbers of bacteria produce infection, forming whiteheads. The medical term of whiteheads is ____________.

78
Q

comedos and pustules are the result of hyper secretion of sebum by the __________ (oil) glands

A

sebaceous

79
Q

sudoriferous

A

sweat glands that are not associated with hair follicles open to the surface of the skin through pores. These glands are stimulated by temperature increases or emotional stress and produce perspiration that evaporates on the surface of the skin, and provides a cooling effect. Sweat, or perspiration, is produced by the __________ glands.

80
Q

hidr/osis

A

abnormal condition of sweat

81
Q

hydro/o

A

water (not to be confused with hidr/o which means sweat)

82
Q

an/hidr/osis

A

abnormal condition characterized by inadequate perspiration

83
Q

myc/osis

A

abnormal condition caused by fungi

84
Q

myc/o/dermat/itis

A

inflammation of the skin caused by a fungus

85
Q

trich/osis

A

abnormal condition of the hair

86
Q

trich/o/myc/osis

A

abnormal condition of the hair caused by fungus

87
Q

pil/o/cyst/ic

A

derm/oid cyst containing hair

88
Q

Nail Illustration

A

Each nail is formed in the (1) nail root and is composed of keratin, a hard fibrous protein, which is also the main component of hair. As the nail grows from a (2) matrix of acive cells beneath th e(3) cuticle, it stays attached and slides forward over the epithelial layer called the (4) nail bed. Most of the (5) nail body appears pink because of th eunderlying blood vessels. The (6) lunula is th crescent-shaped area at the base of the nail. It has a whitish appearance because the vascular tissue underneath does not show through.

89
Q

albin/o

A

white

90
Q

leuk/o

A

white

91
Q

xanth/o

A

yellow

92
Q

`a

A
93
Q

xanth/oma

A

yellow tumor

94
Q

leuk/o/derma

A

white skin

95
Q

leuk/o/cyte

A

cell that is white

96
Q

xanth/o/cyte

A

cell that is yellow

97
Q

leuk/o/cyt/o/penia

A

a deficiency in white blood cell production may be a sign of a pathological condition known as ___________.

98
Q

WBC

A

abbrv. for white blood cell

99
Q

xanth/omas

A

High cholesterol levels may cause small yellow tumors called _______.

100
Q

luek/emia

A

_________ is a progressive malignant disease of the blood-forming organs. It is characterized by proliferation and development of immature leuk/o/cytes in the blood and bone marrow. ________ is a disease of unrestrained growth of immature white blood cells.

-emia: denoting that a substance is present in the blood, especially in excess.

101
Q

cyan/osis

A

abnormal condidtion of blue (skin)

102
Q

xanth/osis

zan-THO-sis

A

abnormal condition of yellow (skin)

103
Q

erythr/o/cyt/osis

A

increase in red blood cells

104
Q

basal cell carcin/oma

A

___________ is a skin cancer of the basal cell layer (deepest layer) of the epidermis. Metastasis is rare, but local invasion destroys underlying and adjacent tissue. This condidtion occus most commonly on areas of the skin exposed to the sun.

105
Q

squamous cell carcin/oma

A

___________ is a skin cancer of the squamous cells (top layer) of the epidermis. It is an invasive tumor with potential for metastasis and occurs most commonly in fair-skinned white men over age 60. Repeated exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet rays greatly increases the risk of ______________________.

106
Q

sacr/o

A

flesh

(connective tissue)

107
Q

Kaposi sarc/oma

A

______ _______ is a malignant skin tumor conmonly associated with patients who are diagnosed with acquired immunodeficieny syndrome (AIDS), is usually fatal. Initially, the tumor appears as a purplish brown lesion.

108
Q

AIDS

A

acquired immunodeficieny syndrome

109
Q

necr/o

A

death

110
Q

nerco/o/tic

A

pertaining to death

111
Q

Cellular necro/osis

A

cells are dead

112
Q

necro/osis

A

used to denote the death of areas of tissue or bone surrounded by healthy tissue

abnormal conidition of death

113
Q

gangrene

GANG-grēn

A

_______ form of necrosis associated with loss of blood supply. Before healing can take place, the dead matter must be removed.

114
Q

auto-

A

self

115
Q

auto/grafts

A

grafts done with tissue transplanted from the patient’s own skin are called _________.

116
Q

derm/a/tome

A

an instrument used to inscise or cut. When there is a need to graft a thin slice of skin, the physician asks for an insturment called an _____

117
Q

BCC

A

basal cell carcinoma

118
Q

FH

A

incision and drainage

119
Q

I&D

A

incision and drainage; irrigation and debridement

120
Q

PE

A

physical examination; pulmonary embolism; pressure-equalizing tube

121
Q

abrasion

A

scraping, or rubbing away of a surface, bu friction

122
Q

abscess

A

localized collection of pus at the site of an infection (characteristically, a staphylococcal infection)

123
Q

furuncle

A

abscess that originates in a hair follicle; also called a boil

124
Q

carbuncle

A

cluster of furuncles in the subcutaneous tissue. Large furuncles with connecting channels to the skin surface form a carbuncle

125
Q

acne

A

Inflammatory disease of sebaceous follicles of the skin, marked by comedos (blackheads), papules, and pustules

126
Q

alopecia

A

absence or loss of hair, especially of the head, also known as baldness

127
Q

cyst

A

closed sac or pouch in or under the skin with a definite wall that contains fluid, semifluid, or solid material.

The cyst may enlarge as sebum collects and may become infected.

A cyst filled with sebum (fatty material) from a sebaceous gland

128
Q

eczema

A

redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries

129
Q

hemorrhage

A

loss of a large amount of blood in a short period, externally or internally

my be arterial, venous, or capillary

130
Q

contusion

A

hemorrhage of any size under the skin in which the skin is not broken; also known as a bruise

131
Q

ecchymosis

ek-i-MO-sis

A

skin discoloration consisting of a large, irregularly formed hemorrhagic area with colors changing from blue-black to greenish brown or yellow; commonly called a bruise

It is similar to (and sometimes indistinguishable from) a hematoma, commonly called a bruise, though the terms are not interchangeable in careful usage.[1] Specifically, bruises are caused by trauma whereas ecchymoses, which are the same as the spots of purpura except larger, are not necessarily caused by trauma,[2] often being caused by pathophysiologic cell function.

132
Q

petechia

A

minute, pinpoint hemorrhagic spot on the skin

a _______ is a smaller version of an ecchymosis

133
Q

hirsutism

HUR-sut-izm

A

condition characterized by excess growth of hair or presence of hair in unusual place, esp. in women

134
Q

impetigo

A

bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture

135
Q

psoriasis

A

autoimmune disease characterized by itchy red pathces covered with silvery scales

_______ seems to be genetically determined and is typically a lifelong condiditon.

136
Q

scabies

A

contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite

137
Q

skin lesion

A

area of pathologically altered tissue caused by disease, injury, or a wound due to external factors or internal disease

138
Q

primary skin lesion

A

skin lesion caused by a disease process.

a _________ lesion is the initial reaction to pathologically altered tissue and may be flat or elevated

139
Q

secondary skin lesion

A

skin lesion that evolves from a primary lesion or that is caused by external factors, such as infection, scratching, trauma, or the healing process

140
Q

tinea

A

fungal infection whose name commonly indicates the body part affected; also called ringworm

141
Q

tinea barbae

A

ringworm - beard

142
Q

tinea corporis

A

ringworm - body

143
Q

tinea pedis

A

ringworm - foot

(athlete’s foot)

144
Q

tinea versicolor

A

ringworm - skin

145
Q

tinea curris

A

jock tich

146
Q

ulcer

A

an open sore or lesion that extends to the dermis and usually heals with scarring

lesion or the skin or mucous membranes marked by inflammation, necrosis, and sloughing or damaged tissues

147
Q

pressure ulcer

A

skin ulceration casued by prolonged pressure, usually in a person who is bedridden; also know as a decubitus ulcer or bedsore

148
Q

urticaria

A

allergic reaction of the skin characterized by eruption of pale red elevated patches that are intensely itchy; also called hives or wheals

149
Q

verruca

ve-ROO-ka

A

rounded epidermal growths caused by a virus; also called a wart

150
Q

vitiligo

vit-il-l-go

A

localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches; also called leukoderma

151
Q

excimer laster

A

aims a high intensity ultraviolet B (UVB) light dose of a very specific wavelength.

AKA exciplex laser

treats mild to moderate psoriasis

152
Q

fulguration

A

tissue distruction by means of a high-frequency electric current; AKA electrodesiccation

153
Q

Mohs surgery

A

Procedure in which layers of cancer-containing skin are progressively excised and examined until on cancer-free skin remains

154
Q

allograft

A

transplation of skin tissue from one person to another; AKA homograft

155
Q

synthetic skin graft

A

transplantation of artiicial skin produced from collagen fibers arranged in a lattice pattern

the recipient’s body does not reject the syhthetic skin, and healing skin grows into it as the graft gradually disintegrates

156
Q

xenograft

A

transplantation (dermis only) from a foreigh donor (usually a pig) and transferred to a human; also called a heterograft

a _________ is used as a temporary graft to protect the patient against infection and fluid loss

157
Q

antipruitics

an-ti-proo-RIT-iks

A

reduce severe itching

158
Q

Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue

A

…

Med Term (5 decks)

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