Chp 3, 4, 5- Challenging Jim Crow Laws and Truman Flashcards
What was Executive Order 9980?
Fair Employment in civil service.
What were Dixiecrats?
Democrats for recital segregation
What was Executive Order 10308?
Fair deal programme- govt. building to urban areas but not successful.
Established CGOC.
Truman appointed who to US Ambassader to UN?
Ralph Bunche.
Truman desegregated the army in June 1948 and signed executive order 9981. How successful was this?
Not very as his initiatives could not be beaten. Also they were low scale like deseg. Of Dulles Airport Resturant.
In 1946 The Presidents Committee On Civil Rights Established which produced report ‘To Secure These Rights’ in 1947. What points did it highlight?
1) police brutality was high- racist violence
2) Voting rights of b in South was low 18%!!
3) lynching was a huge issue, over 300 since 1882.
4) discrim. In health
5) discrim in army
6)discrim in employment and education, 62% in low wage.
Suggested the deseg. of the south
Who was W.E.B DuBois?
Head of NAACP
What was Sweatt v Painter (1950)?
Sweatt wanted to study law at uni of Texas but it was segregated and denied. NAACP took it to the Supreme Court and argued the new black school was inferior. SC agreed and Sweatt became student in 1950.
What was Brown Vs Board of Education of Topeka (1954)?
Linda brown went to seg. b. school 20 blocks away. Father said white school would be better due to better facilities and closer. NAACP took it to the SC who decided seg. In schools was illegal as it went against Seperate but equal.
Who was Earl Warren?
A black federal judge in the early 1950’s.
The SC argued against seg. in schools as it was clearly not equal, unfair for b. children, contradicted the Cold War and the SC was under pressure. What reaction did this have?
Increase in NAACP and CORE activism.
Increase in KKK who were angry over this.
Emmett Till killed 14YO.
Southern Manifesto made where 101 Congressmen agreed too- Showed Eisenhower refused to get involved with CRM.
By 1957, 750 of 6300 south schools were deseg.
By 1968, 58% remained segregated.
YES de jure NO de facto
