Chp 2 Terms Flashcards
Axial Load
A load that passes through the centroid of a section under construction and is perpendicular to the plane of the section.
Bent
A line of columns in any direction.
Built-up Girder
Made of steel plates and angles riveted together, as distinguished from one rolled from a single piece of steel.
Buttress
Mass of masonry built against a wall to strengthen it. Necessary when a vault or arch places a heavy load or thrust on one piece of a wall
Camber
Upward rise
Cavity or hollow wall
A wall built of two wythes separated by a discs for rain drainage or insulation.
Continuous beam
A beam supported at 3 or more points.
Cross wall
Any wall at right angles to any other wall. The walls brace one another.
Deflection
The deformation or displacement of a structural member as a result of loads acting on it.
Demising wall
Wall bounding a tenant space.
Diaphragm floor
A floor designed to stiffen a building against wind and other lateral loads like earthquakes.
Eccentric load
A force that is perpendicular to the plane of the section but does not pass through the center of the section.
Flitch plate Girder
Piece of steel sandwiched between two wooden beams
Grillage
A series of closely spaced beams designed to carry a particularly heavy load.
Header
A masonry unit that overlaps two or more adjoining wythes of masonry to tie them together.
Impact load
The effect of a moving load upon a stationary structure.
inverted king post truss
A truss incorporating a single compression member; it is inverted because the compression member extends downward
KIP
1000 lbs of force
Moment
Tendency of a force to rotate or twist a structural member
Neutral axis
The line along which the length of the beam doesn’t change.
Party wall
A load bearing wall that is common to two structures
Pier
A short column of masonry, usually rectangle in horizontal cross section, used to support other structural members.
Pilaster
A masonry column projecting from one or both faces of the wall in which it’s located.
Plastic design
Design based on connections that redirect overloads to other sections of the building.
Queen post truss
A truss with two compression members
Rakers
Diagonal bracing columns
Self-releasing floor
Type of floor in which floor in which floor girders are set on anchor boxes in walls and caps attached to columns. Heavy timber construction.
Shear
Forces occurring within a building member when opposing forces pull the member in opposite directions
Simple beam
A beam supported at two points near its ends.
Spandrel Girder
A Girder that ties wall columns together in a framed building.
Strain
The actual percentage of elongation when a material is stressed.
Stress
Force per unit area that produces a deformation.
Strut
A bracing column
Tension
A pulling or stretching force in line with the axis of the body.
Tube construction
Externally braced structure.
Vierendeel truss
A rectangular truss with very rigid corner bracing.
Voussoir
A wedge-shaped block whose converging sides radiate from a center, forming an element of an arch or vaulted ceiling.
Euler’s Law Columns
Very long, thin columns.
