CHP 2 Flashcards
Element? Example
A substance that cannot be broken down
4 Most common Elements in living things?
- Oxygen
- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Nitrogen
Trace Elements? Example
required small amounts and essential for life (14)
Flourine, Iron Ect.
Characteristics of atoms of the same element?
Molecule not a compound
Where are Protons, Neutrons and Electrons located?
Protons and Neutrons=Nucleus
Electrons= cloud orbiting nucleus
Atomic Mass?
Amount of material in an object
= Protons + Neutrons
Characteristics of an Atom w/ more Protons than Electrons
A positive Ion
Cation
Surface Tension? Example
The cause of Hydrogen bonds.
the measure of how dificult it is to stretch/break surface of liquid
Water has strong resistance to temp change.
Evaporation Cooling? Example
When a substance evaporates and surface liquid remaining behind cools down
Sweat
Characteristics of Water as it freezes
Water molecules are moved apart, stable hydrogen bonds
Solution, Solute, Solvent? Ex
Solution: homogeneous mixture of 2 or more substances
Solute: dissolving substance
Solvent: dissolving agent
Acid? Example
Chemical compound that releases H+ (Hydrogen Ion) to a solution
Contains more H+
Lemon Juice
Base?
Accepts H+ and removes them from solution
has more OH-
Covalent Bonds?
2 Atoms share 1+ pairs of outer-shell electrons
Strongest bond
Why is water considered a Polar Molecule?
Electrons are not shared equally
one with an uneven distribution of charge
Hydrogen Bonds?
Weakest Bond
bonds are not shared equally
Cohesion?
caused by hydrogen bonds
tendency of molecules sticking together
Adhesion?
sticking together of two different things
Water and Bottle
Buffer?
Substances that resist pH change
accepts H+ ions wen they are in excess
donate H+ ions wen that are depleted
Electron Configuration?
Atomic # ,Protons and Electrons are the same
P+N=M#
first ring holds 2 then all others hold up to 8
Atomic #?
Same as Prontons and Electrons
Bonds b/w matter molecules
Chemical bonds
held together by attractions
