Chp 14 Flashcards
What are the organs of the CNS and PNS?
The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS includes all peripheral nerves.
What are the general functions of the nervous system?
The nervous system processes sensory information, coordinates responses, and regulates bodily functions.
What are the specific functions of the sensory nervous system?
The sensory nervous system transmits sensory information from receptors to the CNS.
What are the specific functions of the motor nervous system?
The motor nervous system transmits signals from the CNS to effectors like muscles and glands.
Compare somatic sensory and visceral sensory components.
Somatic sensory components convey information from skin and muscles, while visceral sensory components relay information from internal organs.
Compare somatic motor and autonomic (visceral) motor components.
Somatic motor components control voluntary movements, while autonomic motor components regulate involuntary functions.
What are the basic characteristics common to all neurons?
Neurons are excitable, transmit signals, and have a unique structure with specialized components.
What are the different structures of a neuron?
A neuron consists of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon.
What are the structural and functional classifications of neurons?
Neurons can be classified structurally as unipolar, bipolar, or multipolar, and functionally as sensory, motor, or interneurons.
What are the differences among various types of glial cells?
Glial cells include astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells, each with distinct structures and functions.
What is the composition and function of a myelin sheath?
The myelin sheath is composed of lipid-rich layers that insulate axons and enhance signal transmission.
What is the organization and structure of a nerve?
A nerve is organized into bundles of axons surrounded by connective tissue, including epineurium, perineurium, and endoneurium.
What are the components of various types of synapses?
Synapses consist of a presynaptic terminal, synaptic cleft, and postsynaptic membrane.
What are the four different neuronal circuits?
The four neuronal circuits are diverging, converging, reverberating, and parallel after-discharge circuits, each with unique functional roles.
What are the organs of the CNS and PNS?
The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS includes all peripheral nerves.
What are the general functions of the nervous system?
The nervous system processes sensory information, coordinates responses, and regulates bodily functions.
What are the specific functions of the sensory nervous system?
The sensory nervous system transmits sensory information from receptors to the CNS.
What are the specific functions of the motor nervous system?
The motor nervous system transmits signals from the CNS to effectors like muscles and glands.
Compare somatic sensory and visceral sensory components.
Somatic sensory components convey information from skin and muscles, while visceral sensory components relay information from internal organs.
Compare somatic motor and autonomic (visceral) motor components.
Somatic motor components control voluntary movements, while autonomic motor components regulate involuntary functions.
What are the basic characteristics common to all neurons?
Neurons are excitable, transmit signals, and have a unique structure with specialized components.
What are the different structures of a neuron?
A neuron consists of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon.
What are the structural and functional classifications of neurons?
Neurons can be classified structurally as unipolar, bipolar, or multipolar, and functionally as sensory, motor, or interneurons.
What are the differences among various types of glial cells?
Glial cells include astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells, each with distinct structures and functions.
What is the composition and function of a myelin sheath?
The myelin sheath is composed of lipid-rich layers that insulate axons and enhance signal transmission.
What is the organization and structure of a nerve?
A nerve is organized into bundles of axons surrounded by connective tissue, including epineurium, perineurium, and endoneurium.
What are the components of various types of synapses?
Synapses consist of a presynaptic terminal, synaptic cleft, and postsynaptic membrane.
What are the four different neuronal circuits?
The four neuronal circuits are diverging, converging, reverberating, and parallel after-discharge circuits, each with unique functional roles.
