Chp 13 Executive Branch Flashcards
1
Q
What is the major function of the executive branch?
A
enforce the law
2
Q
what are the 8 roles of the president?
A
cheif of state cheif eecutive cheif admin chief diplomat commander in chief chief legislature chief citzen
3
Q
Whats chief of state mean?
A
head of the government and symbol of all people
4
Q
whats cheif executive mean?
A
power to enforce the law
5
Q
Whats cheif diplomat mean?
A
architect o foreign policy
6
Q
Whats commander in cheif mean?
A
head of the armed forces
7
Q
Whats cheif legistature mean?
A
architect of public policy
8
Q
Whats cheif citizen mean?
A
representative of all the poeple of the USA
9
Q
Since what event has the president been considered the most powerful position in the world?
A
WW2
10
Q
What are the 7 powers of the president?
A
appointment power to convene congress make treaties executive orders veto power commander in chief pardoning power
11
Q
What does appointment power mean?
A
appoints the cabinet, federal, and justice positions.
12
Q
What are the two events that the president has convened congress?
A
State of the Union, Special session
13
Q
What are executive orders?
A
a rule or an order issued by the president on the executive branch of government and having the force of the law. Lasts only till the net president.
14
Q
What does the commander in chief mean?
A
can call the military into action any time but the only congress can declare war.
15
Q
What war started as an executive action?
A
Korean war
16
Q
What is pardoning power?
A
grant release to criminals.
17
Q
What are the formal qualifications to be president?
A
be a natural-born citizen
be 25 years old
live in the USA for 14+ years
18
Q
Who was the youngest president elected?
A
Kennedy
19
Q
What is the oval office?
A
the place where the president does there work
20
Q
what amendment defines the presidential term?
A
22
21
Q
how long can a president serve?
A
2-4 year terms with no more than 10 years total
22
Q
Who was the only president to serve more than 2 terms?
A
Franklin Roosevelt
23
Q
what is the salary of the president?
A
400,000
24
Q
What are the fringe benifits for the president?
A
50.000 per year expense account 2 houses air force one free health care pension plan- 200,000 per year secret service protection
25
What are the next three positions in line for the presidency?
vice president, speaker of the house, pro tempor of the senate.
26
What are the two reasons that a vice president would take over for president?
if the president informs congress in writing that he is unable to perform his duties
2. vice president and cabinet inform Congress in writing that the president is unable to perform duties.
27
when was the 25th amendment added and why?
1951 because Woodrow Wilson had a stroke and his wife was the one who actually ran the government.
28
what are the two duties of the vice president?
preside over the senate, help decide disability of the president.
29
what are today's roles of the president?
a spokesperson for the president. represent the president at important events.
30
why is a president chosen?
to balance the ticket. choose a woman to appeal to both genders or race to win.
31
what are the formal qualifications of the vice president?
same as the president. if the president was to die the vice has to take over.
32
what are the two ways the president is elected?
popular elect, the electoral college.
33
how many electors are there in the electoral college?
538
34
how many votes does it take from the electoral college to win the presidency?
270
35
Why is the electoral college important?
protects against the tyranny of the majority
discourages voter fraud
gives a voice to both large and small states. cant win with just big states.
36
What are the four divisions of the executive branch?
president
vice president
cabinet
independent agencies
37
What does the cabinet consist of?
15 executive departments. originally only 4
38
what are 4 departments in the cabinet?
department of the state- Thomas Jefferson
Department of the treasury- alexander Hamil
department of war- Henry Knox
department of justice- Edmund Randolph
39
each agency/department is headed by a secretary with the exemption from the department of justice which headed by the attorney general.
...........
40
who appoints the cabinet?
President and confirmed by the senate
41
how long does cabinet members keep their job?
as long as the president is fond of them
42
What are the jobs of the cabinet?
administer their department/agency
| advise the president
43
what is the oldest department?
department of the state
44
What is the newest department?
department of homeland security
45
what are the independent agencies?
run outside of cabinet departments
46
why were the independent agencies outside of the cabinet?
to keep away from presidential pressures/influences. run as semi-private business/not totally funded by the government.
47
how many independent agencies are there?
150 agencies
48
What are examples of independent agencies?
```
NASA
Federal Reserve
EPA
FDA
US postal service
CIA
```
49
What are the white house staff?
anyone who works for the Whitehouse
50
Who is the chief of staff?
presidents private secretary. top positions that sets the president's schedule.
51
What is the executive office of president?
main advisors on policy. meet every day with the president.
52
What are 5 positions in the white house staff
```
cheif of staff
presidential secretary
executive office of president
national security director
director of national intelligence
```
53
What are the 3 functions of the judicial branch?
interpret the law
settle disputes
establish precidence-create expectations for the future
54
What are the 2 seperate court systems?
state
| federal/national
55
What are the 2 types of federal courts?
constitutional courts
| special courts
56
What are constitutional courts?
supreme courts
district courts
court of appeals
US court of international trade
57
What are special courts?
armed service
veterans
federal claims
tax
58
What do constitutional courts hear?
cases on federal level.
59
Which constitutional court hears the most cases?
district courts
60
Whats jurisdiction?
the authority of a court to hear a case
61
What are the two major types of jurisdiction?
original- court in which case is 1st heard
appelate- court hears cases on appeal
62
what kind of authority do district courts have?
original. 94 courts
63
about court of appeals
```
12 courts
appelate
no juries
3 judge panels
can refuse a case
```
64
Who apoints federal judges
president and confirmed by the senate
65
How long is the office of a federal judge?
lifelong.
66
US Marshalls
94. one per district court. the police force of the court system.
67
Plaintiff
the person who files the charge or lawsuit
68
defendant
case against person
69
grand jury
16-23. decides if enough evidence to take a case to trial.
70
petite jury
12 people. decide guilt or innocence.
71
what two courts have no juries
court of appeals, supreme court. judges make the rulings
72
what is the supreme court also called?
court of last resort
73
What is Marbury vs. Madison?
the landmark case that gave the supreme court power of judicial review
74
What's judicial review?
right to decide a case constitutional or uncont.
75
supreme court
```
9 judges
cases October through June
the chief justice is in charge
8,000 cases appealed each year
75 to 85 % of cases
```
76
what happens is a case is denied by the supreme court?
the ruling at the lower court stands.
77
solicitor general
federal government cheif lawyer. a case must get past him first
78
What's the rule of four?
if 4 out of 9 justices agree to hear a case
79
what type of cases does the supreme court hear?
cases that affect the entire country
cases involving constitutional questions
cromes committed on the high seas.
80
what happens once a case is heard?
it receives the Writ of certain. legal order to hear case.
81
briefs
written legal arguments presented to each lawyer to the justice
82
oral arguements
lawyer present arguement. each lawyer get exactly 30 minutes. each case lasts one hour.
83
what are the two kinds of court opinions
majority
| minority
84
whats majority opinion
gives reasons for decision. official ruling
85
whats minority opinion
gives reasons why opposed
86
decisions dont have to be unanimous. cannot be appealed for at least a year.
......
87
what level are most states heard at?
state level
88
what are the levels of court?
```
state supreme court
state appeal courts
circuit court
probate courts
juvenile courts
family courts
divorce courts
small claims courts
traffic courts
```
89
What're circuit courts?
deals with original jurisdiction in criminal and civil cases.
90
whats probate courts?
deal with estates, wills
91
Whats juvenile courts?
deal with underage criminals
92
What family courts?
deal with custody, abuse, and child support.
93
Whats small claims courts?
deal with a minor lawsuit
94
what the only state courts that have juries?
circuit courts.
