Cholinergics

Question 1

bethanechol

Answer 1

muscarinic agonist
tissue: GI, bladder
main clinical use: GI, bladder atony
main mode of action: ++ PS activity (++ M)

Question 2

muscarine

Answer 2

muscarinic agonist
tissue: eye
main clinical use: glaucoma
main mode of action: ++ PS (++M)

Question 3

pilocarpine

Answer 3

muscarinic agonist
tissue: mouth, eye
main clinical use: dry mouth, glaucoma
main mode of action: ++PS (++M)

Question 4

nicotine

Answer 4

nicotinic agonist
tissue: CNS
main clinical use: smoking
main mode of action: ++PS and ++N (+N)
note: both stimulates and relaxes

Question 5

physostigmine

Answer 5

anticholinesterase
tissue: GI
main mode of action:++ PS (++ACh)
note: useful for atropine OD

Question 6

neostigmine

Answer 6

anticholinesterase
tissue: GI
main mode of action: ++ PS (++ACh)

Question 7

atropine

Answer 7

muscarinic antagonist
tissue: heart
MCU: bradycardia
MO: (-)PS (-M)
used to dilated pupil

Question 8

scopolamine

Answer 8

muscarinic antagonist
vestibular system
MCU: motion sickness
MO: (-) PS (-M)
note: must localize

Question 9

benztropine

Answer 9

muscarinic antagonist
Parkinson’s
block M receptors from increased cholinergic activity

Question 10

hexamethonium

Answer 10

nicotinic antagonist
vasculature
MCU: hypertension
(-) autonomic ganglia’s predominant input (usually PS, but only S in vasculature)

Question 11

curare (d-tubocurarine)

Answer 11

blocks nicotinic receptors; competitive; reversible