Cholinergic Pharm (Kruse) Flashcards
Predictable toxic effects of muscarinic stimulants
Predicrable - nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, urinary urgency, salivation, sweating, cutaneous vasodilation, bronchial constriction, increase in glandular secretion (SLUDGE)
Who are muscarinic stimulants contraindicated in?
patients who have asthma, hyperthyroidism, coronary insufficiency, acid-peptic disease
Acute toxicity of nicotine stimulants
CNS stimulation, skeletal muscle end plate depolarization, respiratory paralysis, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias
How does one treat toxicity of direct-acting cholinergic agonists?
Atropine and parenteral anticonvulsants (diazepam, a benzo)
How do you treat glaucoma with an indirect-acting cholinergic agonists
stimulation of mAChRs on the ciliary body facilitates aqueous humor outflow and reduces intraocular pressure (replaced by B blockers, prostaglandins)
Use of indirect-acting cholinergic agonists in Dementia
patients with alzheimer disease dementia have a deficiency of intact cholinergic neurons
anticholinergic drugs used for motion sickness
scopolamine
anticholinergic drugs used for GI disorders
atropine
dicyclomine
glycopyrrolate
hyoscyamine
anticholinergic drugs used in ophthalmology
atropine cyclopentolate homatropine scopolamine tropicamide
anticholinergic drugs used for respiratory disorders
ipratropium
tiotropium
anticholinergic drugs used for urinary disorders
Darifenacin oxybutynin solifenacin tolterodine trospium
anticholinergic drugs used for cholinergic poisoning
atropine (+ pralidoxime)
anticholinergic drugs used for movement disorders
benztropine biperiden orphenadrine procyclidine trihexyphenidyl
What do high systemic concentrations of anticholinergics cause?
Leads to a block of parasympathetic function
Dry as a bone, blind as a bat, red as a beet, mad as a hatter, hot as a hare
treat with ACE inhibitors or systematically
Contraindicaitons for anticholinergics
glaucoma
prostatic hyperplasia
acid-peptic disease
