Antiadrenergic drugs

Question 1

What are the non-selective alpha receptor antagonists

Answer 1

phentolamine

phenoxybenzamine

Question 2

What are the a1 receptor selective antagonists

all end in suffix -osin

Answer 2

prazosin
tamsulosin
doxazosin

Question 3

cardiovascular effects of alpha antagonists

Answer 3

Decreased peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure
postural hypotension
reflex tachycardia

Question 4

Genitourinary system effects of alpha antagonists

Answer 4

relaxation of smooth muscle in prostate

decreased resistance to the flow of urine

Question 5

Eye effects of alpha antagonists

Answer 5

relaxation of pupillary dilator muscle - miosis

Question 6

What alpha antagonist is used to treat pheochromocytoma (catecholamine-producing adrenal medulla tumor

Answer 6

Phentolamine
phenoxybenzamine
metyrosine

Question 7

What alpha antagonist is used to treat chronic (essential) hypertension

Answer 7

prazosin
doxazosin

nonselective alpha blockers are NOT used

Question 8

What alpha antagonist is used to treat erectile dysfunction

Answer 8

Combo of phentolamine and a non specific vasodilator papverine (injected into peen)

Question 9

What alpha antagonist is used in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia to treat chronic urinary obstruction

Answer 9

Tamsulosin

Question 10

Adverse effects of alpha antagonists

Answer 10

seen less with a1 selctive antagonists
postural hypotension
nasal stuffiness
tachycardia
retention of fluid and salt
impaired ejaculation

Question 11

B1 and B2 (nonselesctive blockers

Answer 11

propranolol
pindolol
nadolol

Question 12

B1 selective blockers

Answer 12

metoprolol
betaxolol
acebutolol
atenolol

Question 13

Clinical use of beta blockers in hypertension

Answer 13

Antihypertensive effect is delayed

Both beta blockers and mixed a and B blockers are used

Question 14

Clinical use of beta blockers in angina pectoris

Answer 14

blocking cardiac

Question 15

clinical use of beta blockers in heart failure

Answer 15

metoprolol, carvedilol

Question 16

Clinical use of beta blockers in glaucoma

Answer 16

Betaxolol - a blocker w/o local anesthetic activity

The mechanism involves the reduction in the production of aqueous humor by the ciliary body

Question 17

Clinical use of beta blockers in hyperthyroidism

Answer 17

propranolol

Question 18

CNS adverse effects of beta blockers

Answer 18

sedation
sleep disturbances
depression

switch to a more hydrophilic drug

Question 19

Respiratory adverse effects of beta blockers

Answer 19

increase airway resistance
trigger bronchospasm and asthma attack in susceptible individuals

switch to a beta 1 selective

Question 20

cardiovascular adverse effects off beta blockers

Answer 20

depression of heart rate, cardiac contractility and excitability

switch to a partial agonist

Question 21

Adverse effects on the lipid profile

Answer 21

Chronic use - increase VLDL and decrease HDL
Seen with both selective and non-selection B blockers

switch to a partial agonist drug

Question 22

Abrupt discontinuation of beta-blocker therapy

Answer 22

Abrupt discontinuation leads to enhanced cardiac stimulation and arrhythmias
Increased risk in pts with ischemic heart disease
Gradually taper beta blocker dosing to prevent sympathetic hyperresponsiveness and potential toxicity