Cholinergic Inhibitors

Question 1

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Atropine

Answer 1

Tertiary amine antimuscarinic Blocks muscarinic receptors Mydriasis; cycloplegia General block of muscarinic functions — —

Question 2

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Scopolamine (Transderm-Scop)

Answer 2

Tertiary amine antimuscarinic Blocks muscarinic receptors Prevent or reduce motion sickness General block of muscarinic functions — —

Question 3

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Dicyclomine (Bentyl)

Answer 3

Tertiary amine antimuscarinic Blocks muscarinic receptors Reduce transient hypermotility General block of muscarinic functions — —

Question 4

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Tropicamide (Mydriacyl)

Answer 4

Tertiary amine antimuscarinic Blocks muscarinic receptors Mydriasis; cycloplegia General block of muscarinic functions — Very rapidly metabolized

Question 5

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Tolterodine (Detrol)

Answer 5

Tertiary amine antimuscarinic Blocks muscarinic receptors Treat transient cystitis; postoperative bladder spasms; incontinence General block of muscarinic functions — —

Question 6

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Benztropine (Cogentin)

Answer 6

Tertiary amine antimuscarinic Blocks muscarinic receptors Treat manifestations of Parkinson’s disease General block of muscarinic functions — Crosses BBB

Question 7

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Ipratropium (Atrovent)

Answer 7

Quarternary amine antimuscarinic Blocks muscarinic receptors Bronchodilation in asthma or COPD General block of muscarinic functions — —

Question 8

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Tiotropium (Spiriva)

Answer 8

Quarternary amine antimuscarinic Blocks muscarinic receptors Bronchodilation in asthma or COPD General block of muscarinic functions — Longer acting than ipratropium

Question 9

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Hexamethonium (Methium)

Answer 9

Ganglionic blocker Blocks ganglionic (Nn) receptor Hypertensive crisis; “Bloodless” field surgery — — Rarely used

Question 10

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Succinylcholine (Anectine)

Answer 10

Depolarizing blocker Overstimulation of nicotinic receptor, leading to desensitization of muscle unit to further ACh stimulation Brief procedures (e.g., tracheal intubation, reset dislocated joints) Respiratory paralysis; disturbance of autonomic function — Produces flaccid paralysis within 1 minute

Question 11

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Tubocurarine (Curare)

Answer 11

Nondepolarizing blocker Blocks nicotinic (Nm) receptor Muscle relaxant for surgery w/o deep anesthesia Respiratory paralysis; disturbance of autonomic function — Lasts 30-60 minutes

Question 12

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Mivacurium (Mivacron)

Answer 12

Nondepolarizing blocker Blocks nicotinic (Nm) receptor Muscle relaxant for surgery w/o deep anesthesia Respiratory paralysis; disturbance of autonomic function — Rapidly hydrolyzed, short acting

Question 13

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Botulinum toxin A (Botox)

Answer 13

Local paralytic Blocks vesicle fusion and ACh release on presynaptic terminal by degrading SNAP-25 Reduce frown lines and wrinkles; achalasia; strabismus; oromandibular dystonia — — —