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Pharm unit 2 > Adrenergics > Flashcards

Adrenergics Flashcards

1
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Norepinephrine (Levophed)

A

Non-selective agonist Agonist: _1, _2, _1 Hypotension — Hypertension; arrythmias; headache —

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2
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Epinephrine

A

Non-selective agonist Agonist: _1, (_2), _1, _2 Anaphylactic shock; combined with local anesthetics; glaucoma — Palpitation; arrhythmias; headache; tremor —

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3
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Amphetamine

A

Indirect acting Increases release of NE ADHD, narcolepsy, recreation — Hypertension, insomnia, anxiety, arrhythmias —

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4
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Isoproterenol (Isuprel)

A

Non-selective _ agonist Agonist: _1, _2 Bronchodilator/asthma; shock; heart block — Palpitation; tachyarrhythmia; headache —

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5
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Dobutamine

A

_1-selective _ agonist Agonist: _1 Cardiac decompensation; shock; heart block — Tachyarrythmias; hypertension —

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6
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Albuterol (Proventil)

A

_2-selective _ agonist Brochodilation Prevent or reverse exercise-induced bronchospasm; mild asthma; COPD Can mask progressively severe inflammation Tachycardia, muscle tremor 10-15 minutes to take action, 6-12 hours (max) of duration; nebulizer delivers more, but greater side effects; oral is least effective (requires more dose –> side effects); can be used night symptoms, but not ideal

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7
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Terbutaline (Brethine)

A

_2-selective _ agonist Brochodilation Prevent or reverse exercise-induced bronchospasm; mild asthma; COPD; early labor Can mask progressively severe inflammation Tachycardia, muscle tremor 10-15 minutes to take action, 6-12 hours (max) of duration; nebulizer delivers more, but greater side effects; oral is least effective (requires more dose –> side effects); can be used night symptoms, but not ideal

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8
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)

A

_1-selective _ agonist Vasoconstriction Nasal congestion; postural Hypotension — Hypertension; reflex bradycardia —

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9
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Clonidine (Catapres)

A

_2-selective _ agonist Decrease sympathetic outflow from CNS Hypertension; shock; withdrawal from drug dependence Sedation — —

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10
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

_-methyldopa (Aldomet)

A

_2-selective _ agonist Decreases synthesis of NE (by going through entire pathway instead of dopa); end-product (a-methylnorepinephrine) activates a2 inhibitors Hypertension, shock, withdrawal from drug dependence Sedation — Prodrug; crosses BBB

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11
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Fenoldopam (Corlopam)

A

Selective dopamine agonist Vasodilation Increase blood flow at renal, mesenteric, and cerebral arteries — ~10 minute half-life

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12
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Dopamine

A

Mixed acting (direct/indirect) Agonist: D1, _1, _1 Shock, renal failure, hypotension Vasoconstriction (@ high doses) — Low dose = Direct @ D1 Receptors
Medium dose = Direct @ Beta 1, some Indirect
High dose = Direct @ Alpha 1, some Indirect

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13
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Phentolamine (Regitine)

A

Non-selective _-antagonist Antagonist: _1, _2 Pheochromocytoma, Raynaud’s, frostbite Postural hypotension; inhibit ejaculation — —

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14
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Phenoxybenzamine (Dibenzyline)

A

Non-selective _-antagonist Antagonist: _1, _2; non-competitive blocker (covalent bond to receptor) Pheochromocytoma, Raynaud’s, frostbite Postural hypotension; inhibit ejaculation — —

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15
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Prazosin (Minipress)

A

_1-selective antagonist Vasodilation Primary HTN, BPH Postural hypotension (usually 1st dose) — —

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16
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Terazosin (Hytrin)

A

_1-selective antagonist Vasodilation Primary HTN, BPH Postural hypotension (usually 1st dose) — —

17
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Propranolol (Inderal)

A

Non-selective _-antagonist (1st generation) Antagonist: _1, _2 Angina, Hypertension, Arrythmias Bradycardia, Bronchoconstriction, Sexual Dysfunction — Workhorse by which all the rest are judged

18
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Timolol (Betimol)

A

Non-selective _-antagonist (1st generation) Antagonist: _1, _2 Angina, Hypertension, Arrythmias, Glaucoma Bradycardia, Bronchoconstriction, Sexual Dysfunction — —

19
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Metoprolol (Lopressor)

A

_1-selective antagonist (2nd generation) Decrease heart rate, contractility, CO HTN, Angina, Arrythmias, CHF Bradycardia, Sexual Dysfunction — —

20
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Atenolol (Tenormin)

A

_1-selective antagonist (2nd generation) Decrease heart rate, contractility, CO HTN, Angina, Arrythmias, CHF Bradycardia, Sexual Dysfunction — —

21
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Bisoprolol (Zebeta)

A

_1-selective antagonist (2nd generation) Decrease heart rate, contractility, CO HTN, Angina, Arrythmias, CHF Bradycardia, Sexual Dysfunction — —

22
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Carvedilol (Coreg)

A

Non-selective _-antagonist (3rd generation “A”) Antagonist: _1, _2 CHF, HTN Bradycardia, Fatigue — —

23
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Labetalol (Trandate)

A

Non-selective _-antagonist (3rd generation “A”) Antagonist: _1, _2 CHF, HTN Bradycardia, Fatigue — —

24
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Betaxolol (Kerlone)

A

_1-selective antagonist (3rd generation “B”) Decrease heart rate, CO CHF, HTN Bradycardia — —

25
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Tyramine

A

Indirect acting Increases cytoplasmic NE release — — — Tyramine is involved with an exchange transporter: tyramine goes in, NE comes out

26
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Cocaine

A

— Prevents NE reuptake — — — —

27
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Guanethidine (Ismelin)

A

— False neurotransmitter (vesicles become full of guanethidine rather than NE) Antihypertensive Many and serious — Don’t really use this in US; doesn’t cross BBB

28
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Reserpine

A

— Release of empty vesicles (NE is not taken into vesicles b/c it binds uptake transporter and stops it) Older antihypertensive Many and serious (depression and suicide are major ones) — Cheap! (used abroad, not here)

29
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

_-me-tyrosine (Metirosine)

A

— Inhibit tyrosine hydroxylase (decreases NE synthesis) Pheochromocytoma Many and serious — Still used for this

30
Q

Class;Mechanism;Therapeutics;SideEffects

Ephedrine (Pretz-D)

A

— — Nasal decongestion, anorexic — — —

Pharm unit 2 (10 decks)

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