Cholinergic Antagonists Flashcards
Atropine
Examination of refractive errors, antidote for insecticides, Uveitis, Myopia tx, Myopia tx, Ambylopia tx (better than 20/100)
SE: Allergic Rxn, ACG, increase IOP, cutaneous flush, hallucinations
CI: Hypersensitivity, POAG or ACG
Most potent Mydriatic & cyclopegia
Antidote for physostigmine
Homoatropine
Anterior uveitis
Cyclopegia (less than atropine & cyclopentolate), Mydriasis
Scopolamine
Anti-motion sickness, sedation, blocks short-term memory, NOT a DOC bc of toxicity; alternative tx when pt. is allergic to atropine
Non-selective blocks short-term memory
short mydriatic & cyclopegic effect
Ipratropium/Tiotropium
Asthma, COPD
decrease mucous production
Tropicamide
Mydriasis
SE: transient stinging, irritation, increased IOP, hypersensitivity
CI: Allergies to belladonna alkaloids, narrow angle (ACG)
Cyclopentolate
Cyclopegic refraction, Uveitis
Ganglionic Blockers: Nicotinic
Stimulatory effects
LD: increase BP, HR, Peristalsis & Secretions
HD: decrease BP, HR, muscular activity ceases
Ganglionic Blockers: Trimethaphan
IV in emergency lowers BP (pulmonary edema & dissecting aneurysm), short term tx for hypertension
Ganglionic Blockers: Mecamylamine
Moderate to severe arterial hypertension
Neuromuscular blocking: Tobocurarine
Useful during sx producing complete muscle relaxation decreasing anesthetic doses
Interacts w/ cholinesterase inhibitors, halothane, aminoglycosides, calcium channel blockers
Depolarizing blockers: Succinilcholine
Rapid endotracheal intubation during induction of anesthesia to avoid gastric aspiration
SE: hyperthermia, apnea
Central muscle relaxants: Diazepam
Binds w/ GABA; use in spastic muscle tone
Central muscle relaxants: Dantrolene
inhibits Ca+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum use in spastic muscle tone
Central muscle relaxants: Baclofen
Acts in GABA; use in spastic muscle tone
